模拟条件下鸡舍氨气浓度对肉鸡生长性能和日常行为的影响

李东卫, 卢庆萍, 白水莉, 张宏福

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.02.019

动物营养学报 >

2012 , Vol. 24 >Issue 2: 322 - 326

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.02.019

研究简报

模拟条件下鸡舍氨气浓度对肉鸡生长性能和日常行为的影响

展开

中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京 100193

李东卫(1986—),男,内蒙古赤峰人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail: lidongwei1986@sina.cn

收稿日期: 2011-11-17

网络出版日期: 2012-02-07

基金资助

科研院所基本科研业务费(2011cj-2);公益性行业科研专项经费(20100311-2)

收起

Effects of Ammonia Concentration in Poultry House on Growth Performance and Conventional Behavior of Broilers under Simulated Conditions

Expand

Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2011-11-17

Online published: 2012-02-07

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究不同氨气浓度对肉鸡生长性能和日常行为的影响。试验在4个人工气候环境控制舱中进行,氨气浓度分别控制在(0±5) mg/kg、(25±5) mg/kg、(50±5) mg/kg和(80±5) mg/kg。选取21日龄、体重相近和健康的爱拔益加(Arbor Acres)雄性肉鸡480只,随机分在4个组中,每组设4个重复,每个重复30只鸡,笼养,自由采食和饮水,试验期为4周。在试验第21、22和23天,用录像设备记录试验鸡的日常行为;试验结束当天,所有试验鸡空腹称重,计算试验期平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比。试验结果显示:1)在0~50 mg/kg氨气浓度范围内,肉鸡的平均日增重和平均日采食量无显著差异(P>0.05);当氨气浓度达到80 mg/kg时,试验组肉鸡的平均日增重和平均日采食量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。2)在0~80 mg/kg氨气浓度范围内,肉鸡的料重比无显著差异(P>0.05)。3)当氨气浓度达到50 mg/kg时,肉鸡趴卧持续时间显著减少(P<0.05);当氨气浓度达到80 mg/kg时,肉鸡趴卧持续时间极显著减少(P<0.01),而站立的次数和持续时间及走动的次数均显著增加(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,鸡舍内氨气的大量聚集会抑制肉鸡的生长,并对肉鸡日常行为的正常表达产生一定的影响,从而影响肉鸡的健康与福利。

关键词： 氨气浓度; 肉鸡; 生长性能; 日常行为

本文引用格式

李东卫, 卢庆萍, 白水莉, 张宏福 . 模拟条件下鸡舍氨气浓度对肉鸡生长性能和日常行为的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2012 , 24(2) : 322 -326 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.02.019

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of ammonia concentration in poultry house on growth performance and conventional behavior of broilers under simulated conditions. Four hundred and eighty 21-day-old healthy Arbor Acres broilers with similar body weight of (579.2±6.2) g were randomly allotted into four groups with four replicates in each group and thirty broilers in each replicate. Each group of broilers was placed in a separated, environmentally controlled chamber, and ammonia concentrations in the four chambers were metered continuously to maintain (0±5) mg/kg, (25±5) mg/kg, (50±5) mg/kg and (80±5) mg/kg, respectively. The broilers were raised in cages and provided ad libitum access to water and diets. The experiment lasted for four weeks. On d 21, 22, and 23, broilers were videoed by digital video in order to record the conventional behavior. At the end of the experiment, all of broilers were weighted for calculating the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed/gain (F/G). The results showed as follows: 1) ammonia concentration between 0 and 50 mg/kg did not significantly affect ADG and ADFI of broilers (P>0.05), while ADG and ADFI of broilers were significantly decreased compared with the control group at the ammonia concentration of 80 mg/kg (P<0.05); 2) ammonia concentration between 0 and 80 mg/kg had no significant effects on F/G of broilers (P>0.05); 3) compared with the control group, when the ammonia concentration was 50 mg/kg, the duration of lying of broilers was significantly decreased (P<0.05), when the ammonia concentration was 80 mg/kg, the duration of lying of broilers was significantly decreased (P<0.01) and the frequency of standing and walking and the duration of standing were significantly increased (P<0.05). These results indicate that the accumulation of a mass of ammonia in the poultry house can inhibit the growth of broilers and be detrimental to conventional behavior and health of broilers.

Key words： ammonia concentration; broilers; growth performance; conventional behavior

参考文献

[1] 王米,孟新宇,赵枝新,等.氨气对畜禽养殖业的危害及防治措施[J].饲料博览,2006(7):38-41.

[2] 李如治,包军,刘继军,等.家禽环境卫生学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003:74.

[3] CARLILE F S. Ammonia in poultry houses: a literature review[J]. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 1984, 40:99-113.

[4] WHYTE R T. Aerial pollutants and the health of poultry farmers[J]. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 1993, 49:139-156.

[5] KRISTENSEN H H, WATHES C M. Ammonia and poultry welfare: a review[J]. World’s Poultry Science Journal, 2000, 56:235-245.

[6] BEKER A, VANHOOSER S L, SWARTZLANDER J H, et al. Atmospheric ammonia concentration effects on broiler growth and performance[J]. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 2004, 13:5-9.

[7] 宋弋,王忠,姚中磊,等.氨气对肉鸡生产性能、血氨和尿酸的影响研究[J].中国家禽,2008,30(13):10-12,16.

[8] NRC. Nutrient requirements of poultry[S]. Washington, D. C.: National Academy Press, 1994.

[9] SHLOMO Y. Ammonia affects performance and thermoregulation of male broiler chickens[J]. Animal Research, 2004, 53(4):289-293.

[10] CHARLES D R, PAYNE C G. The influence of graded levels of atmospheric ammonia on chickens. Ⅰ. Effects on respiration and on the performance of broilers and replacement growing stock[J]. British Poultry Science, 1966, 7(3):177-187.

[11] REECE F N, LOTT B D, DEATON J W. Low concentrations of ammonia during brooding decrease broiler weight[J]. Poultry Science, 1981, 60: 937-940.

[12] MOORE P A, DANIEL T C, EDWARDS D R. Reducing phosphorus runoff and improving poultry production with alum[J]. Poultry Science, 1999, 78(5):692-698.

[13] 魏文康.鸡氨气中毒及其防治对策[J].中国家禽,2002,24(24):30-32.

[14] NEWBERRY R C, HALL J W. Use of pen space by broiler chickens: effects of age and pen size[J]. Applied Animal Behavior Science, 1990, 25(1/2):125-136.

[15] WEEKS C A, DANBURY T D, DAVIES H C, et al. The behavior of chickens and its modification by lameness[J]. Applied Animal Behavior Science, 2000, 67(1/2):111-125.

[16] MCFARLANE J M, CURTIS S E, SHANKS R D, et al. Multiple concurrent stressors in chicks: 1. effect on weight gain, feed intake, and behavior[J]. Poultry Science, 1989, 68(4): 501-509.

Options

文章导航

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献

关于本刊

在线期刊

作者中心

相关单位

联系我们

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献

关于本刊

在线期刊

作者中心

相关单位

联系我们