本文以鱼粉为研究对象,研究直接法和差量法对测定鹅真代谢能(TME)、常规养分代谢率的影响,以评定鹅饲粮中鱼粉的营养价值。试验采用单因素完全随机设计,分别选取260日龄健康五龙鹅和青农灰鹅各42只(公),各设7个组,每组2个重复,每个重复3只鹅,单笼饲养。对照组采用直接法,饲粮中不添加玉米淀粉;6个试验组采用差量法,分别在饲粮中添加20%、30%、50%、60%、70%、80%的玉米淀粉替代鱼粉。代谢试验采用全收粪法。结果表明:1)与对照组(直接法)相比,采用差量法测得的五龙鹅和青农灰鹅品种内6个试验组的TME及粗蛋白质(CP)、青农灰鹅的粗脂肪(EE)、部分氨基酸(AA)、粗纤维(CF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的代谢率显著提高(P＜0.05)。2)差量法组间比较的结果表明,五龙鹅和青农灰鹅70%玉米淀粉组的TME及CP、EE、部分AA、CF、NDF、ADF、钙(Ca)、磷(P)的代谢率均显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05);80%玉米淀粉组营养代谢率呈下降趋势(P＞0.05)。3)青农灰鹅对鱼粉的TME及CP、EE、部分AA的代谢率显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)高于五龙鹅;五龙鹅的NDF、ADF、CF的代谢率显著高于青农灰鹅(P＜0.05)。由此可见,采用差量法测定鹅鱼粉的营养成分代谢率效果优于直接法,并且以70%玉米淀粉的添加比例数据稳定性最好,且鹅饲粮中的鱼粉养分代谢率品种间存在差异。
关键词：
差量法; 直接法; 鱼粉; 鹅; 营养价值
This article was focused on fish meal and conducted to investigate the influence of direct method and difference method on true metabolisable energy (TME) and conventional nutrient metabolic rates in order to exactly evaluate the nutritional values of fish meal for geese. A completely random design was used in this trial, and a total of 42 healthy adult Wulong geese (male) or Qingnonghui geese (male) aged 260 days were selected. All geese were separated into 7 groups with 2 replicates per group and 3 geese per replicate. The control group adopted direct method, and the diet was no corn starch added. The 6 experimental groups adopted difference method, and the diet were added 20%, 30%, 50%, 60%, 70% and 80% corn starch instead of fish meal, respectively. Total feces collection method was adopted in the metabolism test. The results showed as follow: 1) compared with the control group (direct method), the TME and metabolic rates of CP, EE of Qingnonghui geese, part of AA, CF, NDF, ADF in 6 experimental groups (difference method) were significantly increased (P＜0.05). 2) The results among 6 experimental groups (difference method) showed that adding 70% corn starch (group 5), the TME and metabolic rates of CP, EE, part of AA, CF, NDF, ADF of Qingnonghui geese and Wulong geese were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P＜0.05). When adding 80% corn starch (group 6), the metabolic rates of conventional nutrient were trend to decrease. 3) The TME and metabolic rates of CP, EE, part of AA of Qingnonghui geese were significantly higher (P＜0.05) or extremely higher (P＜0.01) than those of Wulong geese. The metabolic rates of NDF, ADF, CF of Wulong geese were significantly higher (P＜0.05) than those of Qingnonghui geese. The results indicate that difference method is superior to direct method. When adding 70% corn starch instead of fish meal, data stability of difference method is better than that of direct method. Moreover, there remains a discrepancy between geese breed on conventional nutrient metabolic rates of fish meal.
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