本试验旨在研究饲粮能量蛋白质水平与赖氨酸水平对5~10周龄扬州鹅体重和屠宰性能的影响。试验采用3×4二因子试验设计,3个能量蛋白质水平,分别为10.83 MJ/kg+15%(低)、11.29 MJ/kg+16%(中)、11.75 MJ/kg+17%(高),其蛋能比均约为14 g/MJ;4个赖氨酸水平,分别为0.65%、0.80%、0.95%和1.10%。首先配制低、中、高能量蛋白质水平的3种基础饲粮,通过在3种基础饲粮基础上添加不同水平的赖氨酸,得到12种试验饲粮。选取384只体重相近的5周龄扬州鹅公鹅,随机分为12组(每组4个重复,每个重复8只),分别饲喂不同的试验饲粮,持续至10周龄末。结果表明:1)饲粮能量蛋白质水平对扬州鹅6、8、10周龄的体重无显著影响(P>0.05);饲粮赖氨酸水平显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)影响扬州鹅6、8、10周龄的体重,表现为0.65%赖氨酸组6、8周龄的体重显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)高于0.80%和1.10%赖氨酸组,10周龄的体重显著高于1.10%赖氨酸组(P<0.05);饲粮能量蛋白质水平与赖氨酸水平对扬州鹅6周龄的体重有显著的交互作用(P<0.05),对8、10周龄的体重无显著的交互作用(P>0.05)。2)饲粮能量蛋白质水平显著影响扬州鹅的腹脂率(P<0.05),表现为低能量蛋白质组显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)低于中、高能量蛋白质组,但对屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率和腿肌率无显著影响(P>0.05);饲粮赖氨酸水平对扬州鹅的各项屠宰性能指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);饲粮能量蛋白质水平与赖氨酸水平对扬州鹅的各项屠宰性能指标均无显著的交互作用(P>0.05)。结果提示,饲粮较低的能量蛋白质水平与赖氨酸水平即可满足5~10周龄扬州鹅获得最佳体重和屠宰性能的需要,本试验认为5~10周龄扬州鹅获得最佳体重和屠宰性能时能量、蛋白质和赖氨酸水平分别为10.83 MJ/kg、15%和0.65%。
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary energy and protein level and lysine level on body weight and slaughter performance of Yangzhou geese at the age of 5 to 10 weeks. In a 3 ?4 design with two factors, the 12 experimental diets were composed of 3 energy and protein levels [10.83 MJ/kg+15% (low), 11.29 MJ/kg+16% (middle) and 11.75 MJ/kg+17% (high), and the protein to energy ratio of them was about 14 g/MJ] and 4 lysine levels (0.65%, 0.80%, 0.95% and 1.10%). A total of 384 5-week-old male Yangzhou geese with similar body weight were randomly divided into 12 groups with 4 replicates per groups and 8 geese per replicate, and geese in each group were fed with 1 kind of experimental diet until 10 weeks of age. The results showed as follows: 1) the body weight of Yangzhou geese at the age of 6, 8 and 10 weeks was not significantly affected by dietary energy and protein level, while it was significantly affected by lysine level (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and it was shown as the 0.65% lysine group significantly higher than the 0.80% and 1.10% lysine groups at the age of 6, 8 and 10 weeks (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and significantly higher than the 1.10% lysine group at the age of 10 weeks (P<0.05). Significant interaction was found between dietary energy and protein level and lysine level in the body weight of Yangzhou geese at the age of 6 weeks (P<0.05), but no significant interaction was found in the body weight of Yangzhou geese at the age of 8 and 10 weeks (P>0.05). 2) Dietary energy and protein level significantly affected the percentage of abdominal fat, and it was shown as low energy and protein group was significantly lower than the middle and high energy and protein groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while no significant differences were found in percentages of dressing, half-eviscerated yield, eviscerated yield, breast muscle and leg muscle (P>0.05). Dietary lysine level had no significant effect on slaughter performance (P>0.05) and there was no significant interaction between dietary energy and protein level and lysine level (P>0.05). The results indicate that the requirement of Yangzhou geese aged 5 to 10 weeks obtaining the best body weight and slaughter performance can be satisfied by the lower dietary energy, protein and lysine levels, and in this case, the dietary energy, protein and lysine levels are 11.29 MJ/kg, 15% and 0.65%, respectively.
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