全棉籽对奶牛生产性能及血清生化指标的影响

钟荣珍; 高艳霞; 曹玉凤; 李秋凤; 李建国

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.08.011

动物营养学报 >

2012 , Vol. 24 >Issue 8: 1477 - 1483

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.08.011

反刍动物营养 Ruminant Nutrition

全棉籽对奶牛生产性能及血清生化指标的影响

钟荣珍 ,
高艳霞 ,
曹玉凤 ,
李秋凤 ,
李建国

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1. 河北农业大学动物科技学院,保定 071001;
2. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春 130012;
3. 河北省牛羊胚胎工程技术研究中心,保定 071001;
4. 河北农业大学养牛科学研究所,保定 071001

收稿日期: 2012-02-08

网络出版日期: 2012-08-03

基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-37);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-036-04);国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD04A10);河北省重大科技创新项目(07227146Z)

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Effects of Whole Cottonseed on Performance and Blood Biochemical Paramaters of Dairy Cows

ZHONG Rongzhen ,
GAO Yanxia ,
CAO Yufeng ,
LI Qiufeng ,
LI Jianguo

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1. Department of Animal Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China;
2. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, China;
3. Research Center of Embryo Engineering Technology in Cattle and Sheep of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China;
4. Cattle Science Institute, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China

Received date: 2012-02-08

Online published: 2012-08-03

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加全棉籽对奶牛生产性能及血清生化指标影响。试验采用4×4拉丁方设计,选择8头泌乳早期的经产中国荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为4组,每组2个重复,每个重复1头牛。A组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;B、C和D组分别饲喂含5%、10%和15%全棉籽的试验饲粮。共进行4期试验,每期试验28 d,其中预试期7 d,正试期21 d。结果表明:1)随着全棉籽比例的增加,奶牛产奶量有提高趋势,奶牛的乳脂率和4％标准乳产量显著提高(P＜0.01),但全棉籽对乳蛋白率、乳糖率和乳非脂固形物率无显著影响(P＞0.05)。2)全棉籽对粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率无显著影响(P＞0.05),但含有全棉籽饲粮的中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率均高于对照组(P＜0.05),其中C组比对照组提高了8.4%(P＜0.05)。3)全棉籽对奶牛血清中白蛋白、血糖含量无显著影响(P＞0.05),对血清胆固醇和尿素氮含量影响显著(P＜0.05)。C组奶牛血清中胆固醇含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.01)。B、C组的血清尿素氮含量显著低于对照组和D组。4)随着饲粮中全棉籽比例的提高,血清和乳中游离棉酚含量也显著提高(P＜0.01),乳中游离棉酚含量在各试验组间差异不显著(P＞0.05)。结果提示,全棉籽在奶牛泌乳早期饲粮中的最适添加量为10％。

关键词： 全棉籽; 奶牛; 生产性能; 乳成分; 棉酚

本文引用格式

钟荣珍 , 高艳霞 , 曹玉凤 , 李秋凤 , 李建国 . 全棉籽对奶牛生产性能及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2012 , 24(8) : 1477 -1483 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2012.08.011

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary whole cottonseed (WCS) on performance and blood biochemical paramaters of dairy cows. A 4×4 Latin square design was used. Eight multiparity Holstein cows in early lactation were selected and assigned randomly into 4 groups with 2 replicates in each group and 1 cow per replicate. Cows in group A (control group) were fed a basal diet, and cows in groups B, C and D were fed experimental diets contained 5%, 10% and 15% WCS, respectively. The experiment contained four period, and each period lasted for 28 d with 7-d adaptation period and 21-d formality period. The results showed as follows: 1) with the increasing of WCS percentage, milk yield of dairy cows tended to be increased (P>0.05), and the milk fat percentage and 4% fat corrected milk (FCM) was significantly increased (P＜0.01). Deitary WCS had no effects on the milk protein percentage, lactose percentage and milk NFS percentage (P＞0.05). 2) Dietary WCS level had no effects on the apparent digestibilities of crude protein, ether extract and acid detergent fiber (P＞0.05), but it significantly increased the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (P＜0.05), the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber in group C were increased by 8.4%,and higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). 3) Dietary WCS level had no effects on contents of albumin and glucose in serum (P＞0.05), but it significantly affected the contents of cholesterol and urea nitrogen in serum (P＜0.05). Serum cholesterol content in group C was significantly lower than that in other groups. Serum urea nitrogen content in groups B and C was significantly lower than that in groups A and D. 4) The free gossypol content in serum and milk was significantly increased with the WCS percentage increasing (P＜0.01). Milk free gossypol content had no significant difference among groups B, C and D(P＞0.05), In conclusion, for dairy cows in early lactation period, the optimal percentage of WCS in the diet is 10%.

Key words： whole cottonseed; dairy cow; performance; milk composition; gossypol

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