本试验旨在研究建鲤(Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)幼鱼期(18~75 g)随体质量增加,机体和组织器官中抗氧化酶活性和非酶抗氧化物质含量以及抗超氧阴离子自由基能力(ASA)和抗羟自由基能力(AHA)的变化规律。试验选用均初体质量为(18.0±0.20) g的健康建鲤750尾,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复50尾。所有试验鱼饲喂相同的试验饲料,每隔14 d称重取样1次,称重后,分别取血液、肝胰脏、肠道和肌肉组织测定抗氧化指标,共取5次。结果表明:血清、肝胰脏、肠道和肌肉中丙二醛和蛋白质羰基含量随体质量增加而显著降低(P<0.05),分别在体质量达31.4和58.6 g以后达到稳态(P>0.05);ASA和AHA随体质量增加而显著增强(P<0.05),均在体质量达40.1 g以后达到稳态(P>0.05);超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性随体质量增加而显著提高(P<0.05),均在体质量达40.1 g以后达到稳态(P>0.05);谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性随体质量增加而显著提高(P<0.05),均在体质量达31.4 g以后达到稳态(P>0.05);还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量随体质量增加而显著提高(P<0.05),分别在体质量达31.4、31.4、31.4和58.6 g以后达到稳态(P>0.05)。综上所述,建鲤幼鱼随体质量增加,血清和组织中SOD、CAT、GSH-Px和GST等抗氧化酶活性逐渐增强,低分子抗氧化物质GSH含量逐渐提高,从而使得ASA和AHA逐渐增强,脂质过氧化和蛋白质氧化产物含量逐渐降低,并最终达到稳态。
This study was conducted to investigate the changes of activities of antioxidant enzymes, contents of non-enzymic antioxidant substances, as well as the anti-superoxide anion free radical ability (ASA) and anti-hydroxyl free radical ability (AHA) in juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) with different body weights (18 to 75 g). A total of 750 Jian carp with an average initial body weight of (18.0?0.2) g were randomly distributed into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 50 fish per replicate. The fish in the 5 groups were fed the same diets and were sampled every 14 days (total of 5 times). Briefly, after weighing, the blood, hepatopancreas, intestine and muscle were quickly collected for antioxidant indices analysis. The results showed as follows: contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyls (PCA) in serum, hepatopancreas, intestine and muscle were significantly decreased with increasing body weight up to 31.4 and 58.6 g (P<0.05), respectively, and no differences were found with further increase of body weight (P>0.05). Adversely, ASA and AHA in serum and studied tissues were increased with increasing body weight up to 40.1 g (P<0.05), and plateaued thereafter (P>0.05). Interestingly, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) took the same trends with ASA. Similarly, activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) in serum and tissues were all increased with increasing body weight up to 31.4 g (P<0.05), and plateaued thereafter (P>0.05). Furthermore, reduced glutathione (GSH) content in serum, hepatopancreas, intestine and muscle were also increased with increasing body weight up to 31.4, 31.4, 31.4 and 58.6 g (P<0.05), respectively, and no changes were found with further increasing body weight (P>0.05). Summarily, the results in this study indicate that in the juvenile period of Jian carp (18 to 75 g), the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GST and GR, as well as GSH content in serum and tissues are increased with increasing body weight, and thus the ASA and AHA are also improved, and finally products of the lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation are decreased with increasing body weight until reaching steady state.
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