本试验旨在通过液相色谱串联质谱(LC-MS)代谢组学分析平台对不同微生物棉籽粕源发酵蛋白质饲料代谢产物进行研究。采用LC-MS法对对照组、假丝酵母组、酿酒酵母组、复合组的发酵代谢产物进行分析,结合偏最小二乘法-判别分析(PLS-DA)方法对数据进行模式识别和小分子差异代谢产物寻找。结果表明:各试验组代谢产物相对含量与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05),且在PLS-DA分析中得到了很好的分离,主要表现在甘露醇、琥珀酸等糖类代谢产物;磷酸胆碱、L-肉碱、甘油磷酸、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)和磷脂酰胆碱(PC)等脂类代谢产物;二肽、三肽、甜菜醛、同型半胱氨酸等蛋白质与氨基酸的代谢产物;以及烟酸、阿魏酸、尿嘧啶、乙醇醛等其他途径代谢产物。除与脂类代谢有关的甘油磷酸、PE、PC相对含量显著降低之外(P<0.05),其他试验组小分子代谢产物相对含量均比对照组显著增加(P<0.05)。由此可见,不同菌种发酵饲料中含有大量糖类、脂类、蛋白质等代谢途径产生的小分子代谢产物,含量因发酵菌种的不同而不同。

The objective of this paper was to investigate the metabolites of fermented protein feed with different microbial cottonseed meal mixed substrates by the metabolomic analysis platform based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The experiment used the LC-MS platform to analysis the metabolites which collected from control group, Candida tropicalis group, Saccharomyces cerevisiae group and compound fermented group, and the partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to pattern recognition and found small molecular difference metabolites. The results showed that the metabolite relative contents had significant differences in experimental groups compared with the control group, and the metabolites were separated well by PLS-DA. It mainly displayed in carbohydrate metabolites such as mannitol, succinic acid, etc; lipid metabolites such as phosphocholine, L-carnitine, glycerylphosphate, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), etc; protein and amino acid metabolites such as dipeptide, tripeptide, betaine aldehyde, homocysteine, etc; and other pathway metabolites such as niacin, ferulic acid, uracil, glycolaldehyde, etc. The relative contents of these metabolites in experimental groups were all significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), but the relative contents of glycerylphosphate, PE and PC in experimental groups were significantly lower that than those in control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, a large number of small molecular metabolites, which are produced by different metabolic pathways such as carbohydrate, lipid, protein and others material, are contained in feeds fermented via various strains, and those contents vary with different strains.