采用短期人工瘤胃发酵技术,研究瘤胃混合微生物对糠麸类饲料中植酸磷的降解作用。试验采集3头健康泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛瘤胃液,以不同来源稻糠、玉米麸、麦麸饲料为底物,测定厌氧发酵3、12、24、48和72 h饲料植酸磷的消失率。结果表明:1)糠麸类饲料植酸磷消失率均随发酵时间的延长而增加,并且在发酵至24 h时,植酸磷消失率趋于90%以上。2)不同来源的同种糠麸类饲料间植酸磷的潜在降解率和降解速率明显不同。3)3种糠麸类饲料比较发现,麦麸饲料的植酸磷潜在降解率可达到100%(P<0.000 1),而玉米麸(95.58%)与稻糠(96.82%)饲料间差异不显著(P>0.05),植酸磷降解速率呈现为稻糠>玉米麸>麦麸(P<0.000 1)。由此可见,瘤胃混合微生物能很好地降解富含植酸磷的糠麸类饲料,且降解作用在不同饲料间存在一定的差异。
This experiment was performed to investigate rumen microbial degradation of phytate phosphorus (PP) in rice, maize, and wheat bran feeds by in vitro ruminal batch culture method. Ruminal fluid was collected from 3 rumen-cannulated Holstein cows at the lactation stage, and PP disappearance rate of those grain bran feeds were determined after 3, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h anaerobic incubation with the rumen fluid. The results showed as follows: 1) PP disappearance rate of those grain bran feeds depended on the incubation time. The longer incubation time was, the more PP was hydrolyzed. When the incubation lasted up to 24 h, nearly 90% of PP in the grain bran feeds was hydrolyzed. 2) Within the same grain bran, differences in the potential degradability and degradation rate of PP were also observed between different sources. 3) Consequently, the potential degradability of PP was up to 100% in wheat bran (P<0.000 1), and no significant difference occurred between maize bran (95.58%) and rice bran (96.82%) (P>0.05). The degradation rate of PP in the grain bran feeds was ranked as: rice>maize>wheat. In summary, mixed rumen microorganisms have high ability to hydrolyze PP in grain bran feeds, though there is a difference in degradation of different grain bran feeds.
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