本试验旨在研究不同水平抗菌肽对肉兔小肠黏膜形态、盲肠菌群和免疫功能的影响。选取体重相近的35日龄断奶的新西兰肉兔160只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复8只(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加30 mg/kg喹乙醇以及150、200和250 mg/kg抗菌肽的试验饲粮。试验期8周。结果表明:各添加水平抗菌肽均显著提高了空肠绒毛高度,十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值以及盲肠乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05),显著降低了空肠隐窝深度以及盲肠总好氧菌和大肠杆菌数量(P<0.05)。此外,200 mg/kg抗菌肽还显著提高了回肠绒毛高度以及盲肠总厌氧菌和双歧杆菌数量(P<0.05),显著降低了十二指肠和回肠隐窝深度(P<0.05),显著增加了血清免疫球蛋白M和补体3含量(P<0.05)。由此得出,在饲粮中添加抗菌肽可以改善肉兔小肠黏膜形态,刺激盲肠有益菌的增殖并抑制有害菌的增殖,同时还可提高机体的免疫功能。本试验条件下,抗菌肽在肉兔饲粮中的适宜添加量为200 mg/kg。
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of antimicrobial peptides on intestinal mucosal morphology, caecal microflora and immune function of meat rabbits. A total of 160 New Zealand rabbits weaned at 35 days of age with the similar body weight were randomly allotted into 5 groups with 4 replicates per groups and 8 rabbits per replicate (half male and half female).The rabbits in control group were fed with a basal diet, while those in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 30 mg/kg olaquindox, and 150, 200 and 250 mg/kg antimicrobial peptides, respectively. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed as follows: three supplemental levels of antimicrobial peptides all significantly enhanced the villus height of jejunum, villus height to crypt depth ratio of duodenum, jejunum and ileum, and Lactobacillus number in cecum (P<0.05), while significantly reduced the crypt depth of jejunum, and the number of total aerobic bacteria and E. coli in cecum (P<0.05). Meanwhile, 200 mg/kg antimicrobial peptides significantly enhanced the villus height of ileum, and the number of total anaerobic bacteria and Bifidobacillus in cecum (P<0.05), and significantly increased the contents of immune globulin M and complement 3 in serum (P<0.05), while significantly reduced the crypt depth of duodenum and ileum (P<0.05). The results indicate that supplementation of antimicrobial peptides can improve the intestinal mucosal morphology, stimulate the beneficial bacteria proliferation, inhibit the deleterious bacteria proliferation, and increase the immune function of meat rabbits. The appropriate supplemental amount of antimicrobial peptides is 200 mg/kg under this experimental condition.
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