用乳酸调节袋装液态饲料的初始pH至4,研究乳酸链球菌素、山梨酸钾和茶多酚3种添加剂复配对袋装液态饲料贮存特性的影响。选择乳酸链球菌素、山梨酸钾和茶多酚作为试验因素,每个因素设3个水平,采用L9(34)正交表安排试验,共9组。每组在每个检测时间点设3个重复样品,分别在0、15、30、45、60 d进行外观形态评分并检测其pH、微生物数量、霉菌毒素含量和淀粉糊化度。结果表明:在袋装液态饲料pH为4的条件下,乳酸链球菌素、山梨酸钾和茶多酚配伍能有效减少袋装液态饲料贮存过程中的液化和胀袋现象,抑制了主要病原微生物的生长,并延缓了糊化淀粉的老化,但对黄曲霉毒素B1和玉米赤霉烯酮的去除没有明显效果。综合得出,3种添加剂影响袋装液态饲料贮存特性的主次顺序为:乳酸链球菌素>山梨酸钾>茶多酚;其最适配伍为:200 mg/kg乳酸链球菌素+200 mg/kg山梨酸钾+100 mg/kg茶多酚,袋装液态饲料的适宜贮存时间为45 d左右。
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of combinations of nisin, potassium sorbate and tea polyphenols on storage characteristics of boil-in-bag liquid feed. The initial pH was adjusted to 4 with lactic acid. Three factors (nisin, potassium sorbate and tea polyphenols) with three levels in each factor (nine treatments in all) were set following an orthogonal design of L9 (34) design, and there were three replicates at each time point. On 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days, sensory score, microbe count, mycotoxin content and starch gelatinization were tested. The results showed as follows: combinations of nisin, potassium sorbate and tea polyphenols effectively reduced liquefaction and bulge of boil-in-bag liquid feed with an initial pH 4, and inhibited the growth of major pathogenic microbes and the process of starch retrogradation, but had no significant effect on the detoxification of AFB1 and ZEN. In conclusion, influencing order of the three additives on storage characteristics is nisin>potassium sorbate>tea polyphenols, and a desirable storage characteristic can be obtained within 45 days when boil-in-bag liquid feed is supplemented with 200 mg/kg nisin, 200 mg/kg potassium sorbate and 100 mg/kg tea polyphenols.
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