动物营养学报 >

2013 , Vol. 25 >Issue 3: 534 - 542

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.03.011

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

饲料糖水平对方格星虫稚虫生长、体组成和消化酶活性的影响

  • 许明珠 ,
  • 张琴 ,
  • 童万平 ,
  • 董兰芳 ,
  • 童潼 ,
  • 程光平 ,
  • 黄国强 ,
  • 蒋艳
展开
  • 1. 广西大学动物科学技术学院,南宁 530005;
    2. 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所, 广西海洋生物技术重点实验室,北海 536000

收稿日期: 2012-09-17

  网络出版日期: 2013-02-28

基金资助

广西科学基金项目(0832031);广西自然科学基金项目(2011GXNSFB018057);北海市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(北科合201153009)

收起

Effects of Dietary Carbohydrate Level on Growth, Body Composition and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Juvenile Peanut Worm, Sipunculus nudus

  • XU Mingzhu ,
  • ZHANG Qin ,
  • TONG Wanping ,
  • DONG Lanfang ,
  • TONG Tong ,
  • CHENG Guangping ,
  • HUANG Guoqiang ,
  • JIANG Yan
Expand
  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China;
    2. Guangxi Institute of Oceanology, Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangxi, Beihai 536000, China

Received date: 2012-09-17

  Online published: 2013-02-28

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料糖水平对方格星虫稚虫生长、体组成和消化酶活性的影响。选取平均体重为(15.49±0.03) mg的方格星虫稚虫7 200条,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复400条。6组方格星虫稚虫分别饲喂糖水平为1.89%、7.35%、12.81%、18.27%、23.73%和29.19%的等氮等脂饲料8周。结果表明:饲料糖水平对成活率没有显著影响(P>0.05)。当饲料糖水平为1.89%～18.27%时,增重率和特定生长率随着饲料中糖水平的增加而显著上升(P<0.05),当饲料糖水平继续增加时,增重率和特定生长率则显著下降(P<0.05)。饲料糖水平对虫体粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量有显著影响(P<0.05),对虫体水分和灰分含量没有显著影响(P>0.05)。虫体粗蛋白质含量随着饲料糖水平的增加呈先升后降的趋势,饲料糖水平为23.73%时达到最大值。虫体粗脂肪含量随着饲料糖水平的增加呈升高的趋势,饲料糖水平为29.19%时达到最大值。饲料糖水平对虫体蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性有显著影响(P<0.05),对虫体脂肪酶活性没有显著影响(P>0.05)。虫体蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性均随着饲料糖水平的增加呈先升后降的趋势,蛋白酶和淀粉酶分别在饲料糖水平为23.75%、18.27%时达到最大值。以增重率为评价指标,经回归分析得出方格星虫稚虫饲料中糖的适宜水平为18.52%。

关键词： 方格星虫稚虫; 糖水平; 生长; 体组成; 消化酶活性

本文引用格式

许明珠 , 张琴 , 童万平 , 董兰芳 , 童潼 , 程光平 , 黄国强 , 蒋艳 . 饲料糖水平对方格星虫稚虫生长、体组成和消化酶活性的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2013 , 25(3) : 534 -542 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.03.011

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary carbohydrate level on growth, body composition and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile peanut worm, Sipunculus nudus. A total of 7 200 juvenile peanut worm with an average body weight of (15.49?0.03) mg were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 400 worms in each replicate. The worms in the 6 groups were fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with different carbohydrate levels of 1.89%, 7.35%, 12.81%, 18.27%, 23.73% and 29.19% for 8 weeks. The results showed that the dietary carbohydrate level had no significant effect on survival ratio (P>0.05). With the dietary carbohydrate level increasing, weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly increased when dietary carbohydrate level was between 1.89% and 18.27% (P<0.05), and then significantly decreased with dietary carbohydrate further increasing (P<0.05). Dietary carbohydrate level had significant effects on the contents of crude protein and crude lipid in body (P<0.05), but had no significant effects on the contents of moisture and ash in body (P>0.05). With the dietary carbohydrate level increasing, the body crude protein content was firstly increased and then decreased, and when the dietary carbohydrate level was 23.73%, the body crude protein content had the maximum value. There was an upward trend in body crude lipid content with dietary carbohydrate level increasing, and when the dietary carbohydrate level was 29.19%, the body crude lipid content had the maximum value. Dietary carbohydrate level significantly affected protease and amylase activities of juvenile peanut worm (P<0.05). Both protease and amylase activities were firstly increased and then decreased with the dietary carbohydrate level increasing, and they had the maximum values when the dietary carbohydrate levels were 23.75% and 18.27%, respectively. However, dietary carbohydrate level had no significant effect on lipases activity of juvenile peanut worm (P>0.05). The regression model analysis shows that the optimal dietary carbohydrate level which can make juvenile peanut worm acquire the best weight gain rate is 18.52%.

Key words： juvenile peanut worm, Sipunculus nudus; dietary carbohydrate level; growth; body composition; digestive enzyme activities

参考文献

[1] 李凤鲁,孔庆兰,史贵田,等.中国沿海方格星虫属(星虫动物门)的研究[J].青岛海洋大学学报,1990,20(1):93-99.
[2] 张桂和,李理,赵谋明,等.方格星虫营养成分分析及抗疲劳作用研究[J].营养学报,2008,30(3):318-320.
[3] 张琴,童万平,董兰芳,等.饲料中脂肪水平对方格星虫稚虫生长性能、体组成及消化酶活性的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2011,32(6):99-106.
[4] 张琴,童万平,董兰芳,等.饲料蛋白水平对方格星虫稚虫生长和体组成的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2012,33(1):86-92.
[5] 张琴,童潼,童万平,等.饲料蛋白水平对方格星虫稚虫日增重和消化酶活性的影响[J].渔业现代化,2012,39(2):41-46.
[6] 李孟均,陈春娜.饲料中的糖对水产动物的影响[J].北京水产,2008(2):57-59.
[7] KIM J D,KAUSHIK S J.Contribution of digestible energy from carbohydrates and estimation of protein/energy requirements for growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)[J].Aquaculture,1992,106:161-169.
[8] HEMRE G I,SANDNES K,LIE Ø,et al.Carbohydrate nutrition in Atlantic salmon,Salmo salar L.,growth and feed utilization[J].Aquaculture Research,1995,26:149-154.
[9] ERFANULLAH,JAFRI A K.Growth rate,feed conversion,and body composition of Catla catla,Labeo rohita,and Cirrhinus mrigala fry fed diets of various carbohydrate-to-lipid ratios[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,1998,29:84-91.
[10] ERFANULLAH,JAFRI A K.Growth,feed conversion,body composition and nutrient retention efficiencies in fingerling catfish,Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch),fed different sources of dietary carbohydrate[J].Aquaculture Research,1999,30:43-49.
[11] BLAIR T,CASTELL J,NEIL S,et al.Evaluation of microdiets versus live feeds on growth,survival and fatty acid composition of larval haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus)[J].Aquaculture,2003,225:451-461.
[12] AOAC.Official methods of analysis of official analytical chemists international[S].16th ed.Arlington,V A:Association of Official Analytical Chemists,1995.
[13] 李葳,侯俊利,章龙珍,等.饲料糖水平对点篮子鱼生长性能的影响[J].海洋渔业,2012,34(1):64-70.
[14] 蔡春芳,王道尊.异育银鲫对糖利用性的研究:饲料糖含量对生长、消化吸收的影响[J].苏州大学学报:自然科学版,1999,15(3):87-90.
[15] 付世建,谢小军.饲料碳水化合物水平对南方鲇生长的影响[J].水生生物学报,2005,29(4):393-398.
[16] 宋理平.宝石鲈营养需求的研究[D].博士学位论文.济南:山东师范大学,2009.
[17] 宋理平,韩勃,王爱英,等.碳水化合物水平对厚唇弱棘鯻生长和血液指标的影响[J].大连水产学院学报,2010,25(4):293-297.
[18] HEMRE I,SHIAU S Y,DENGD F,et al.Utilization of hydrolysed potato starch by juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.,when using a restricted feeding regime[J].Aquaculture Research,2000,31:207-212.
[19] ENES P,PANSREAT S,KAUSHIK S,et al.Effect of normal and waxy maize starch on growth,food utilization and hepatic glucose metabolism in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology,2006,143A:89-96.
[20] ENES P,PANSERAT S,KAUSHIK S,et al.Growth performance and metabolic utilization of diets with native and waxy maize starch by gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles[J].Aquaculture,2008,274:101-108.
[21] WILSON R P.Utilization of dietary carbohydrate by fish[J].Aquaculture,1994,124:67-80.
[22] SATPATHY B B,RAY A K.Effect of dietary protein and carbohydrate levels on growth,nutrient utilization and body composition in fingerling rohu,Labeo rohita (Hamilton)[J].Journal of Applied Ichthyology,2009,25(6):728-733.  
[23] 马爱军,陈四清,雷霁霖,等.饲料中主要能量物质对大菱鲆幼鱼生长的影响[J].海洋与湖沼,2001,32(5):527-533.
[24] REGOST C,ARZEL J,KAUSHIK S J.Partial or total replacement of fish meal by corn gluten meal in diet for turbot (Psetta maxima)[J].Aquaculture,1999,180:99-117.
[25] SHIAU S Y.Utilization of carbohydrates in warmwater fish-with particular reference to tilapia,Orechromis niloticus×O.aureus[J].Aquaculture,1997,151:79-96.
[26] MORITA K,FUREICHI M,YONE Y.Effect of carboxymethylcellulose supplemented to dextrin-containing diets on the growth and feed efficiency of red sea bream (Chrysophrys major)[J].Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries,1982,48:1617-1620.
[27] HEMRE G I,HANSEN T.Utilisation of different dietary starch sources and tolerance to glucose loading in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar),during parr-smolt transformation[J].Aquaculture,1998,161:145-157.
[28] DIXON D G,HILTON J W.Influence of available dietary carbohydrate content on tolerance of waterborne copper by rainbow trout,Salmo gairdneri Richardson[J].Fish Biology,1981,19(5):509-518.  
[29] ZHANG L L,ZHOU Q C,CHEN Y Q.Effect of dietary carbohydrate level on growth performance of juvenile spotted babylon (Babylonia areolata Link 1807)[J].Aquaculture,2009,295:238-242.
[30] COWEY C B,ADRON J W,BROWN D A,et al.Studies on the nutrition of marine flatfish.The metabolism of glucose by plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) and the effect of dietary energy source on protein utilization in plaice[J].British Journal of Nutrition,1975,33:219-231.
[31] 吴凡,文华,蒋明,等.饲料碳水化合物水平对奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼生长、体成分和血清生化指标的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2011,32(4):91-95.
[32] 郭冉,刘永坚,田丽霞,等.不同糖源对南美白对虾Penaeus vannamei生长、成活率和虾体组成的影响[J].中山大学学报:自然科学版,2005,44(3):90-92.
[33] KAUSHIK S J,MEDALE F,FAUCONNEAU B,et al.Effect of digestible carbohydrates on protein/energy utilization and on glucose metabolism in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri R.)[J].Aquaculture,1989,79:63-74.
[34] SANTIAGO C B,REYES O S.Optimum dietary protein level for growth of bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) fry in a static water system[J].Aquaculture,1991,93:155-165.
[35] 胡毅,谭北平,麦康森,等.不同碳水化合物水平饲料对凡纳滨对虾生长及部分生理生化指标的影响[J].水生生物学报,2009,33(2):289-295.
[36] GANGADHARA B N,EESHA M C,VARGHESE T J,et al.Effect of varying protein and lipid levels on the growth of rohu,Labeo rohita[J].Asian Fisheries Society,1997,10(2):139-147.
[37] 李军,吴天星.鱼类消化酶的影响因素[J].水利渔业,2006,26(6):30-32.
[38] 黎军胜,李建林,吴婷婷.饲料成分与环境温度对奥尼罗非鱼消化酶活性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2004,11(6):585-588.
[39] ROSAS C,CUZON G,GAXIOLA G,et al.Influence of dietary carbohydrate on the metabolism of juvenile Litopenaeus stylirostris[J].Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2000,249:181-198.
[40] MOHAPATRA M,SAHU N P,CHAUDHARI A.Utilization of gelatinized carbohydrate in diets of Labeo rohita fry[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2003,9:189-196.
[41] 高梅,罗毅平,曹振东.饲料碳水化合物水平对南方鲇幼鱼消化酶活性的影响[J].西南师范大学学报,2006,31(2):119-123.
[42] FLORES C A,BRANNON P M,BUSTAMANTE S A,et al.Effect of diet on intestinal and pancreatic enzyme activities in the pig[J].Pediatric Gastroenterology Nutrition,1988,7:914-921.
[43] 张丽丽,周歧存,程怡秋,等.不同糖源对方斑东风螺生长、饲料利用和消化酶活性的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2009,29(4):14-18.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2