饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对21~34周龄海兰灰蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响

付胜勇; 武书庚; 张海军; 岳洪源; 董延; 齐广海

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.11.013

动物营养学报 >

2013 , Vol. 25 >Issue 11: 2601 - 2611

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.11.013

禽营养 Poultry Nutrition

饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对21~34周龄海兰灰蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响

付胜勇 ,
武书庚 ,
张海军 ,
岳洪源 ,
董延 ,
齐广海

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1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室, 北京 100081;
2. 中国农业科学院家禽研究所, 扬州 225261;
3. 赢创德固赛投资有限公司健康与营养事业部, 北京 100176

收稿日期: 2013-05-27

网络出版日期: 2013-10-27

基金资助

国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD26B03);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-41-K13);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(200903006-03);现代农业产业技术体系北京市家禽创新团队(CARS-PSTP)

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Effects of Dietary Metabolizable Energy and Crude Protein Levels on Performance and Egg Quality of Hy-Line Laying Hens Aged 21 to 34 Weeks

FU Shengyong ,
WU Shugeng ,
ZHANG Haijun ,
YUE Hongyuan ,
DONG Yan ,
QI Guanghai

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1. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225261, China;
3. Health and Nutrition Division, Evonik Degussa Investment Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China

Received date: 2013-05-27

Online published: 2013-10-27

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摘要

本试验旨在研究相同标准回肠可消化(SID)氨基酸(AAs)模式下,饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对21~34周龄海兰灰蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响。试验选用648羽20周龄健康海兰灰(Hy-Line W36)蛋鸡,随机分为6个处理,分别饲喂相同SID AAs模式下不同代谢能(高11.82 MJ/kg、低11.00 MJ/kg)和粗蛋白质水平(17.0%、16.5%和16.0%)的6种试验饲粮,每个处理6个重复,每个重复18羽。预试期1周,正试期14周。试验分3个阶段(21~24周龄、25~28周龄和29~34周龄)进行指标的测定。结果表明:1)随着饲粮粗蛋白质水平的降低,蛋鸡全期(21~34周龄)的平均蛋重显著降低(P<0.05),21~24周龄蛋鸡的产蛋率和日产蛋量显著升高(P<0.05);高代谢能组21~24周龄蛋鸡的平均蛋重显著低于低代谢能组(P<0.05),高代谢能组25~28周龄蛋鸡的产蛋率和蛋料比显著高于低代谢能组(P<0.05)。2)饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对蛋鸡代谢能摄入量无显著影响(P>0.05),但显著影响粗蛋白质摄入量(P<0.05),高代谢能组蛋鸡的摄入量较低。饲粮粗蛋白质水平下降对标准回肠可消化赖氨酸摄入量无显著影响(P>0.05),但显著降低粗蛋白质摄入量(P<0.05)。3)随着饲粮粗蛋白质水平的降低,蛋黄干物质含量显著降低(P<0.05);饲粮高代谢能水平可显著提高21~24周龄蛋鸡的哈夫单位(P<0.05),显著降低浓蛋白高度及29~34周龄蛋鸡的蛋壳厚度、蛋壳含量及蛋黄干物质含量(P<0.05)。结果提示,在SID AAs模式下,以产蛋率和日产蛋量为评价指标,21~24周龄初产蛋鸡宜用低粗蛋白质水平(16.0%)饲粮,25~34周龄宜用高代谢能(11.82 MJ/kg)、适当粗蛋白质水平(16.5%)饲粮。低代谢能(11.00 MJ/kg)配置16.0%~17.0%粗蛋白质水平的饲粮仍存在粗蛋白质摄入过多的问题,不利于蛋鸡生产性能发挥,对适宜体况和蛋品质的保持也有不良影响。

关键词： 蛋鸡; 代谢能; 粗蛋白质; 生产性能; 蛋品质

本文引用格式

付胜勇 , 武书庚 , 张海军 , 岳洪源 , 董延 , 齐广海 . 饲粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对21~34周龄海兰灰蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2013 , 25(11) : 2601 -2611 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2013.11.013

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) levels on performance and egg quality of laying hens of Hy-line laying hens aged 21 to 34 weeks under the same standardized ileal digestible (SID) amino acids (AAs)pattern. Six hundred and forty-eight laying hens aged 20 weeks were randomly divided into six groups with six replicates per group and eighteen laying hens per replicate. The treatments were fed six experimental diets with the same standardized ileal digestible (SID) amino acids pattern and containing different ME (11.82 and 11.00 MJ/kg) and CP (17.0%, 16.50% and 16.0%) levels, respectively. The adaptation period was 1 week, and the experimental period was 14 weeks. The index detection was carried out in three stages (21 to 24 weeks of age, 25 to 28 weeks of age and 29 to 34 weeks of age). The results showed as follows: 1) with the dietary CP level reduction, average egg weight during the whole period (21 to 34 weeks of age) was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the laying rate and daily egg mass of laying hens at 21 to 24 weeks of age were significantly increased (P<0.05). The average egg weight of laying hens at 21 to 24 weeks of age in high ME group was significantly lower than that in low ME group (P<0.05), and the laying rate and egg/feed of laying hens at 25 to 28 weeks of age in high ME group were significantly higher than those in low ME group (P<0.05). 2) Dietary ME and CP levels did not affect ME intake (P>0.05), but significantly affected CP intake (P<0.05), and the CP intake in high ME group was lower. Dietary CP level decrease had no significant effect on SID lysine intake (P>0.05), but significantly decreased CP intake (P<0.05). 3) With the dietary CP level reduction, yolk dry matter content was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Dietary high ME level significantly increased the Haugh unit of eggs of laying hens aged 21 to 24 weeks of age (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the albumen height, eggshell thickness, eggshell content and yolk dry matter content of eggs of laying hens aged 29 to 34 weeks (P<0.05). In conclusion, for CP and ME in the background of SID AAs, laying hens aged 21 to 24 weeks should be chosen a low CP level (16.0%) diet, while for laying hens aged 25 to 34 weeks, the diet with high ME (11.82 MJ/kg) and CP level at 16.5% should be chosen. The diet with low ME (11.00 MJ/kg) and 16.0% to 17.0% CP level still turn out to be a protein waste and against to the laying performance, body fitness and egg quality.

Key words： laying hens; metabolizable energy; crude protein; performance; egg quality

参考文献

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