饲粮异黄酮添加水平对肥育猪抗氧化、生长及屠体性能的影响

陈伟; 林映才; 马现永; 蒋宗勇; 余德谦

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.02.020

动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 2: 437 - 444

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.02.020

饲料营养 Feed Science and Technology

饲粮异黄酮添加水平对肥育猪抗氧化、生长及屠体性能的影响

陈伟 ,
林映才 ,
马现永 ,
蒋宗勇 ,
余德谦

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广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 农业部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 畜禽育种国家重点实验室, 广州 510640

收稿日期: 2013-09-02

网络出版日期: 2014-01-27

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（31072041）

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Effects of Dietary Supplemental Level of Isoflavones on Antioxidant, Growth and Carcass Performance of Finishing Pigs

CHEN Wei ,
LIN Yingcai ,
MA Xianyong ,
JIANG Zongyong ,
YU Deqian

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The Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Received date: 2013-09-02

Online published: 2014-01-27

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摘要

本试验旨在探讨饲粮异黄酮添加水平对肥育猪抗氧化、生长及屠体性能的影响。选取72头健康（阉公猪和母猪各占1/2）的杜×长×大肥育猪（约60 kg）随机分为6组（每组6个重复，每个重复1头阉公猪与1头母猪），对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮，试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加20、40、80、160和320 mg/kg异黄酮的试验饲粮。试验期为64 d。结果表明：1）饲粮添加160 mg/kg异黄酮显著提高了血浆中过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性（P<0.05）；添加剂水平为80 mg/kg时显著提高肝脏中CAT活性（P<0.05），而添加水平为160 mg/kg时则显著抑制肝脏CAT活性（P<0.05）。2）饲粮添加40和80 mg/kg异黄酮显著降低了血浆中氧化型谷胱甘肽浓度（P<0.05），添加水平为40、80、160、320 mg/kg时显著提高了血浆中还原型谷胱甘肽浓度（P<0.05）；添加水平为80和160 mg/kg时显著降低了血浆中丙二醛浓度（P<0.05）。3）肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Gpx）活性随饲粮异黄酮添加水平增加呈显著的线性下降（P<0.05），添加水平为80、160和320 mg/kg时显著降低了肝脏中Gpx活性（P<0.05）。4）肝脏中氧化平衡系数在各添加水平间无显著差异（P>0.05），但随饲粮异黄酮添加水平的增加表现出显著的线性升高（P<0.05）；添加水平为320 mg/kg时血浆中氧化平衡系数表现出高于对照组的趋势（P=0.08）。5）饲粮异黄酮添加水平对肥育猪的平均日增重、日均采食量、料重比无显著影响（P>0.05）；对屠体重/率、眼肌面积、平均背膘厚、瘦肉重/率、脂肪重/率等屠体性能指标无显著影响（P>0.05）；对背最长肌滴水损失、肉色、嫩度、pH无显著影响（P>0.05）。结果提示，饲粮中添加适宜水平的异黄酮可提高肥育猪抗氧化性能，而添加过高水平的异黄酮则可能降低其抗氧化性能（尤其在肝脏组织），玉米-豆粕型饲粮中添加异黄酮未影响到肥育猪的生长、屠体性能及肉质。

关键词： 异黄酮; 肥育猪; 抗/氧化; 生长性能; 屠体性能; 肉质

本文引用格式

陈伟 , 林映才 , 马现永 , 蒋宗勇 , 余德谦 . 饲粮异黄酮添加水平对肥育猪抗氧化、生长及屠体性能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(2) : 437 -444 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.02.020

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplemental level of isoflavones on antioxidant, growth and carcass performance of finishing pigs. Seventy-two finishing pigs (half castrated boars and half sows, Duroc×Landrace×Large white) weighted about 60 kg were randomly allocated into 6 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 1 castrated boar and 1 sow per replicate. Pigs in control group were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet, and those in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 40, 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg isoflavones, respectively. The experiment lasted for 64 days. The results showed as follows: 1) dietary supplementation of isoflavones at 160 mg/kg significantly increased plasma CAT activity (P<0.05), and that at 80 mg/kg significantly increased liver CAT activity (P<0.05), while that at 160 mg/kg significantly inhibited liver CAT activity (P<0.05). 2) Dietary supplementation of isoflavones at 40 and 80 mg/kg significantly decreased plasma GSSG concentration (P<0.05), that at 40, 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg significantly increased plasma GSH concentration (P<0.05), and that at 80 and 160 mg/kg significantly decreased plasma MDA concentration (P<0.05). 3) Liver Gpx activity was decreased linearly with the increase of isoflavones supplemental level (P<0.05), and dietary supplementation of isoflavones at 80, 160 and 320 mg/kg significantly decreased liver Gpx activity (P<0.05). 4) Pro/antioxidant balance (PAB) value in liver did not differ among different supplemental levels, but it showed liner response to the increase of isoflavones supplemental level; compared with control group, dietary supplementation of isoflavones at 320 mg/kg tended to increase PAB value in plasma (P=0.08). 5) Average daily gain, daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio were not affected by dietary supplementation of isofalvones (P>0.05); the carcass indices, dressing weight/percentage, logissimus muscle area, average backfat thickness, lean weight/percentage and fat weight/percentage and so on, did not differ among treatments (P>0.05); drip loss, meat color, tenderness and pH of logissimus muscle were not affected by dietary supplementation of isoflavones (P>0.05). It is concluded that dietary supplementation of isoflavones at proper level can enhance antioxidant performance of finishing pigs, while it exerts inhibitory effects on antioxidant performance when at higher level (especially in liver tissue), the supplementation of isoflavones in corn-soybean meal diet does not affect growth performance, carcass performance and meat quality of finishing pigs.

Key words： isoflavones; finishing pigs; anti/pro-oxidant; growth performance; carcass performance; meat quality

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