饲粮代谢能和可消化赖氨酸水平对肉仔鸡排泄物化学组成及主要臭气化合物含量的影响

杨桂芹; 韩钰婧; 刘海英; 刘国华; 郑爱娟

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.04.024

动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 4: 1034 - 1043

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.04.024

研究简报 Short Communications

饲粮代谢能和可消化赖氨酸水平对肉仔鸡排泄物化学组成及主要臭气化合物含量的影响

杨桂芹 ,
韩钰婧 ,
刘海英 ,
刘国华 ,
郑爱娟

展开

1. 沈阳农业大学畜牧兽医学院, 沈阳 110866;
2. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 北京 100081

收稿日期: 2013-11-07

网络出版日期: 2014-04-01

基金资助

“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划（2011BAD26B03）；国家自然科学基金项目（31372328）

收起

Effects of Dietary Metabolizable Energy and Digestible Lysine Levels on Excreta Chemical Composition and Main Odour Compound Contents of Broilers

YANG Guiqin ,
HAN Yujing ,
LIU Haiying ,
LIU Guohua ,
ZHENG Aijuan

Expand

1. College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
2. Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2013-11-07

Online published: 2014-04-01

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮代谢能（ME）和可消化赖氨酸（DLys）水平对肉仔鸡排泄物的化学组成及主要臭气化合物含量的影响。试验采用2×3两因子交叉试验设计，包括2个ME水平：12.55、13.18 MJ/kg，3个DLys水平：0.80%、0.95%、1.10%，依据理想氨基酸平衡模式配制6种试验饲粮。选取360只21日龄爱拔益加（AA）肉仔鸡，随机分为6组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只鸡。试验期21 d。结果表明：1）高ME低DLys组肉仔鸡排泄物苏氨酸（Thr）、缬氨酸（Val）、蛋氨酸（Met）、亮氨酸（Leu）和氮（N）含量最低，高ME中DLys组异亮氨酸（Ile）、赖氨酸（Lys）、组氨酸（His）、精氨酸（Arg）含量最低，低ME低DLys组总能（GE）、磷（P）含量最低。2）肉仔鸡排泄物挥发性盐基氮与总有机酸含量随饲粮ME水平的升高而增加。ME与DLys的互作效应对挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）含量有极显著影响（P<0.01），低ME组VFA含量随DLys水平的升高而增加，高ME组VFA含量随DLys水平升高而降低。pH随ME、DLys水平的升高而降低。综上所述，在本试验条件下，有利于减少肉仔鸡排泄物N、P、挥发性盐基氮等主要臭气化合物含量的适宜ME和DLys水平分别为12.55 MJ/kg和0.80%（ME/DLys=1.549 MJ/g）或13.18 MJ/kg和0.80%（ME/DLys=1.198 MJ/g）。

关键词： 臭气化合物; 化学组成; 代谢能; 可消化赖氨酸; 排泄物; 肉仔鸡

本文引用格式

杨桂芹 , 韩钰婧 , 刘海英 , 刘国华 , 郑爱娟 . 饲粮代谢能和可消化赖氨酸水平对肉仔鸡排泄物化学组成及主要臭气化合物含量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(4) : 1034 -1043 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.04.024

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary metabolizable energy (ME) and digestible lysine (DLys) levels on excreta chemical composition and main odour compound contents of broilers. The experiment was set in a 2×3 factorial arrangement, diets contained 2 levels of ME (12.55 and 13.18 MJ/kg) in combination with 3 levels of DLys (0.80%, 0.95% and 1.10%), and six experimental diets based on the ideal amino acid balanced model were formulated. Three hundred and sixty 21-day-old Archer Abor broilers were selected and randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate. The results showed as follows: 1) broilers fed the highest ME and the lowest DLys diet had the lowest contents of threonine (Thr), valine (Val), methionine (Met), leucine (Leu) and nitrogen (N) in excreta of broilers, broilers fed the highest ME and middle DLys diet had the lowest contents of isoleucine (Ile), lysine (Lys), histidine (His) and arginine (Arg) in excreta of broilers, and broilers fed the lowest ME and the lowest DLys diet had the lowest contents of gross energy (GE) and phosphonium (P) in excreta of broilers. 2) The contents of total volatile basic nitrogen and total organic acid in excreta of broilers were improved with the increasing of ME and DLys levels, the interaction of ME and DLys significantly affected the volatile fatty acid (VFA) content (P<0.01), the VFA content was improved with the increasing of DLys level in the lowest ME group, while the VFA content was reduced with the increasing of DLys level in the highest ME group. The pH was reduced with the increasing of ME and DLys levels. In conclusion, when dietary ME and DLys levels are 12.55 MJ/kg and 0.80% (ME/DLys=1.549 MJ/g) or 13.18 MJ/kg and 0.80% (ME/DLys=1.198 MJ/g), it is more benefit to decrease the main odour compound contents of N, P, total volatile basic nitrogen and so on in excreta of broilers.

Key words： odour compound; chemical composition; metabolizable energy; digestible lysine; excreta; broilers

参考文献

[1] 陈继兰,方丽,侯水生,等.石岐黄肉鸡不同日粮下能量利用率和氮存留率研究[J].中国家禽,1999,21(1):5-7.

[2] MATHIS N,FEIDT C,BRUN-BELLUT J.Influence of protein/energy ratio on carcass quality during the growing period of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis)[J].Aquaculture,2003,217(4):453-464.

[3] DONSBOUGH A L,POWELL S,WAGUESPACK A,et al.Uric acid,urea,and ammonia concentrations in serum and uric acid concentration in excreta as indicators of amino acid utilization in diets for broilers[J].Poultry Science,2010,89:287-294.

[4] 任冰,武书庚,计峰,等.理想AA模式下低粗蛋白饲粮对蛋鸡生产性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(8):1459-1468.

[5] LE P D,AARNINK A J A,JONGBIOED A W.Odour and ammonia emission from pig manure as affected by dietary crude protein level[J].Livestock Science,2009,121:267-274.

[6] 张晓驷.利用可消化氨基酸配制肉鸡日粮[J].中国饲料,2000(11):34-35.

[7] 杨桂芹,韩钰婧,张文克,等.饲粮代谢能和可消化赖氨酸水平对21-42日龄肉仔鸡生长性能及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(2):281-288.

[8] 黄伟坤.食品检验与分析[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,1989:19-21.

[9] 安丽英.兽医试验诊断[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2000:396.

[10] 吴婷婷,杨开伦,聂彪彪,等.应用反相高效液相色谱法测定绵羊瘤胃液、肉鸡排泄物中吲哚和粪臭素含量[J].新疆农业科学,2011,48(9):1723-1729.

[11] FERGUSON N S,GATES R S,TARABA J L,et al.The effect of dietary crude protein on growth,ammonia concentration,and litter composition in broilers[J].Poultry Science,1998,77:1481-1487.

[12] ALETOR V A,HAMID I I,NIESS E,et al.Low protein amino acids supplemented diets in broiler chickens:effects on performance,carcass characteristics,whole body composition and efficiencies of nutrient utilization[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2000,80:547-554.

[13] REZAEI M,MOGHADDAM H N,REZA J P,et al.The effects of dietary protein and lysine levels on broiler performance,carcass characteristics and N excretion[J].International Journal of Poultry Science,2004,3(2):148-152.

[14] MBAJIORGU C A,NGAMBI J W,NORRIS D.Effect of varying dietary energy to protein ratio level on growth and productity of indigenous venda chickens[J].Asian Journal Animal and Veterinary,2011,6(4):344-352.

[15] DAIRO F A S,ADESEHINWA A O K,OLUWASOLA T A,et al.High and low dietary energy and protein levels for broiler chickens[J].African Journal of Agricultural Research,2010,5(15):2030-2038.

[16] 马秋刚,冯秀燕,计成.能量浓度对高峰期褐壳蛋鸡赖氨酸需要量影响的研究[J].中国农业大学学报,2000,5(5):94-101.

[17] 许美解,刘小飞,钟金凤.14-21周龄湘黄鸡日粮适宜能量和蛋白质水平的研究[J].家畜生态学报,2010,31(3):35-40.

[18] 史兆国,蔺淑琴,李金录,等.饲粮不同营养水平对黄羽肉鸡能量和粗蛋白质表观代谢率的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2007,43(17):26-29.

[19] CANH T T,AARNINK A J A,SCHUTTE J B,et al.Dietary protein affects nitrogen excretion and ammonia emissions from slurry of growing-finishing pigs[J].Livestock Production Science,1998,56:181-191.

[20] HAYES E T,CURRAN T P,DODD V A.The influence of diet crude protein level on odour and ammonia emissions from finishing pig houses[J].Bioresource Technology,2004,91:309-315.

[21] 杨桂芹,张姝,郑爱娟,等.氨基酸平衡的低蛋白和杂粕日粮对蛋鸡排泄物中臭味物质含量的影响[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2006,37(5):731-734.

[22] WILLIAMS A G.Indicators of piggery slurry odour offensiveness[J].Agricultural Wastes,1984,10(1):15-36.

[23] OTTO E R,YOKOYAMA M,VON R D,et al.Ammonia,volatile fatty acids,phenolics,and odor offensiveness in manure from growing pigs fed diets reduced in protein concentration[J].Journal of Animal Science,2003,81:1754-1763.

[24] SUTTON A L,KEPHART K B,PATTERSON J A,et al.Manipulating swine diets to reduce ammonia and odor emissions [C]//Proc.1^st Int.Conf.Air Pollution from Agric.Operations,Kansas City:[s.n.],1996:445-452.

[25] CLARK O G,MOEHN S,EDEOGU I,et al.Manipulation of dietary protein and nonstarch polysaccharide to control swine manure emissions[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2005,34:1461-1466.

[26] LE P D,AARNINK A J A,JONGBLOED A W,et al.Effects of dietary crude protein level on odor from pig manure[J].Animal,2007,1:734-744.

Options

文章导航

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献

关于本刊

在线期刊

作者中心

相关单位

联系我们

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献

关于本刊

在线期刊

作者中心

相关单位

联系我们