动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 4: 1044 - 1054

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.04.025

研究简报 Short Communications

苯甲酸对仔猪肠道微生物及代谢产物的影响

  • 高增兵 ,
  • 余冰 ,
  • 郑萍 ,
  • 何军 ,
  • 毛湘冰 ,
  • 虞洁 ,
  • 刁慧 ,
  • 严鸿林 ,
  • 王曲圆 ,
  • 陈代文
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  • 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室, 雅安 625014

收稿日期: 2013-11-08

  网络出版日期: 2014-04-01

基金资助

国家生猪现代产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS-36）；生猪现代产业链关键技术研究集成与产业化示范（2012NZ001）

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Effects of Benzoic Acid on Intestinal Microflora and Metabolites of Piglets

  • GAO Zengbing ,
  • YU Bing ,
  • ZHENG Ping ,
  • HE Jun ,
  • MAO Xiangbing ,
  • YU Jie ,
  • DIAO Hui ,
  • YAN Honglin ,
  • WANG Quyuan ,
  • CHEN Daiwen
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  • Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China

Received date: 2013-11-08

  Online published: 2014-04-01

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摘要

本试验分为体内试验和体外试验，体内试验旨在研究饲粮添加苯甲酸对仔猪消化道食糜pH、微生物菌群结构及代谢产物的影响；体外试验旨在进一步探讨苯甲酸对约氏乳杆菌和大肠杆菌的直接作用。1）体内试验，选取20头体重为（18.75±0.20）kg的健康“杜×长×大”去势公猪，随机分为2组，即对照组和苯甲酸组（5 000 mg/kg），每组10个重复，每个重复1头猪。试验期14 d。2）体外试验，以体内试验测定的肠道食糜中苯甲酸浓度及消化道食糜pH为基础，进一步研究不同苯甲酸浓度（0、5、15、30、200、1 000 mg/L）及pH（5.0、5.5、6.0、6.5、7.0）对大肠杆菌ATCC25922、约氏乳杆菌JJB3的影响。结果表明：1）体内试验，与对照组相比，饲粮添加5 000 mg/kg苯甲酸显著提高十二指肠、回肠食糜中苯甲酸浓度（P<0.05），显著降低胃、回肠、结肠食糜pH（P<0.05），极显著降低直肠食糜pH（P<0.01）；显著提高回肠食糜中乳酸杆菌数量（P<0.05），有提高回肠和盲肠食糜中双歧杆菌及盲肠食糜中乳酸杆菌数量的趋势（P<0.10）；对盲肠食糜中微生物代谢产物丙酸、丁酸、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度有提高的趋势（P<0.10）。2）体外试验，约氏乳杆菌JJB3 OD600值随着pH提高而增加，对苯甲酸浓度具有较强的耐受力，5、15、30、200 mg/L苯甲酸均具有一定的益菌能力，其中30和200 mg/L的益菌能力更好；不同浓度苯甲酸对大肠杆菌ATCC25922的生长均具有一定的抑菌能力，在pH为5.0和5.5时，高浓度的苯甲酸抑菌能力更明显。研究表明，饲粮添加5 000 mg/kg苯甲酸降低了仔猪消化道食糜pH，促进了有益菌的生长，改善了肠道微生物菌群结构，并提高微生物代谢产物丙酸、丁酸及总挥发性脂肪酸的浓度。

关键词： 苯甲酸; 肠道微生物; 挥发性脂肪酸; 仔猪

本文引用格式

高增兵 , 余冰 , 郑萍 , 何军 , 毛湘冰 , 虞洁 , 刁慧 , 严鸿林 , 王曲圆 , 陈代文 . 苯甲酸对仔猪肠道微生物及代谢产物的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(4) : 1044 -1054 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.04.025

Abstract

This experiment was divided into in vivo experiment and in vitro experiment. In vivo experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary benzoic acid on pH, microflora structure and metabolites in digestive tract digesta of piglets. In vitro experiment was designed to further investigate the direct effects of benzoic acid on Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli. 1) In vivo experiment, a total of 20 healthy ‘Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire’ barrows with body weight of (18.75±0.20) kg were randomly divided into 2 groups with 10 replicates per group and 1 piglet per replicate, and fed a basal diet (control group) and the basal diet supplemented with 5 000 mg/kg benzoic acid (benzoic acid group), respectively. The experiment lasted for 14 d. 2) Based on the benzoic acid concentration and pH in intestinal digesta that were determined in vivo, in vitro experiment was conducted to further investigate the effects of different benzoic acid concentrations (0, 5, 15, 30, 200 and 1 000 mg/L) and pH (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 and 7.0) on porcine Lactobacillus johnsonii JJB3 and Escherichia coli ATCC25922. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with control group, the supplementation of 5 000 mg/kg benzoic acid significantly increased benzoic acid concentration in duodenal and ileal digesta (P<0.05), and decreased the pH in stomach, ileal, colonic (P<0.05) and rectal (P<0.01) digesta; 5000 mg/kg benzoic acid increased the number of Lactobacillus in ileal (P<0.05) and cecal (P<0.10) digesta, and increased the number of Bifidobacterium in ileal and cecal digesta (P<0.10). The concentrations of propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid in caecal digesta were increased in 5 000 mg/kg benzoic acid group (P<0.10). 2) The OD600 value of Lactobacillus johnsonii JJB3 was increased with the increase of pH, and Lactobacillus had a strong tolerance to the concentration of benzoic acid. Benzoic acid at the concentration of 5, 15, 30 and 200 mg/L had beneficial ability, and 30 and 200 mg/L were better. The different concentrations of benzoic acid had antibacterial ability on Escherichia coli ATCC25922, and the high concentration of benzoic acid had more obvious antibacterial ability at pH 5.0 and 5.5. In conclusion, the diets supplemented with 5 000 mg/kg benzoic acid reduce the digestive tract pH of piglets, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, improve the intestinal microflora structure, and increase the concentrations of propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid.

Key words： benzoic acid; intestinal microflora; volatile fatty acid; piglets

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