综述 Review

胎盘胎儿复合体谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺循环和交换的生理作用及其调控

  • 谢春艳 ,
  • 张宇喆 ,
  • 吴信 ,
  • 范志勇 ,
  • 印遇龙
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  • 1. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程 技术中心, 长沙 410125;
    2. 湖南农业大学, 动物科学技术学院, 长沙 410128

收稿日期: 2013-12-02

  网络出版日期: 2014-05-30

基金资助

国家自然科学基金重大国际合作研究项目(31110103909,31101730);“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划课题(2012BAD39B03);中国科学院现代农业示范与区域创新集群计划(CXJQ120113-1)

Physiological Functions of Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle and Exchange in Placenta-Fetus Unit and Its Regulation

  • XIE Chunyan ,
  • ZHANG Yuzhe ,
  • WU Xin ,
  • FAN Zhiyong ,
  • YIN Yulong
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  • 1. Hunan Animal Health Aquaculture Engineering Center, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

Received date: 2013-12-02

  Online published: 2014-05-30

摘要

氨基酸是胎儿生长发育、蛋白质生物合成和核酸代谢以及神经发育等的重要前体物质,氨基酸从母体到胎儿的转运及其代谢对生命活动具有极其重要的意义。谷氨酸(Glu)和谷氨酰胺(Gln)是胎盘组织中最丰富,也是妊娠后期猪胎儿中沉积最多的氨基酸;而Glu是由胎儿血浆净输出的唯一氨基酸,Gln转运到胎儿循环中速率最高。母体、胎盘和胎儿之间Glu-Gln循环、交换和代谢对胎儿生长发育具有关键的作用,可能是母体与胎儿发育之间的主要介导途径。本文综述了胎盘胎儿复合体Glu-Gln代谢规律、生理功能及其可能的调控机制,探讨了N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对胎盘胎儿复合体中Glu-Gln循环的影响及其调控机制,为Glu-Gln在胎盘胎儿复合体的代谢及其调控的研究提供参考。

本文引用格式

谢春艳 , 张宇喆 , 吴信 , 范志勇 , 印遇龙 . 胎盘胎儿复合体谷氨酸-谷氨酰胺循环和交换的生理作用及其调控[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(6) : 1430 -1434 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.06.002

Abstract

Amino acids are important precursor substances for the development and growth of fetus, the biosynthesis of proteins, metabolism of nucleotides, and neurodevelopment. The transfer from mother to fetus and its metabolites of amino acids are extremely important for life activities. Glutamate and glutamine are the most abundant in placenta, and the maximum deposition of amino acids in fetus of pigs during late pregnancy. Glutamate is the only amino acid net output from the fetal plasma, and glutamine transported to the fetal circulation with the highest rate. Glutamate-glutamine cycle, exchange and metabolism between mother, placenta and fetus play a key role on fetal growth and development. This may be the main mediated pathway between maternal and fetal development. This paper reviews glutamate-glutamine metabolic, physiological functions and possible regulating mechanism in placenta-fetus unit, and the effect of N-carbamoylglutamate on glutamate-glutamine cycle in placenta-fetus unit and the regulating mechanism, to provide a reference for the study of metabolism and its regulation of glutamate-glutamine in placenta-fetus unit.

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