动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 6: 1453 - 1466

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.06.005

禽营养 Poultry Nutrition

22~63日龄快大型黄羽肉鸡粗蛋白质营养需要量

  • 林厦菁 ,
  • 周桂莲 ,
  • 蒋守群 ,
  • 蒋宗勇 ,
  • 郑春田 ,
  • 陈芳 ,
  • 苟钟勇 ,
  • 李龙
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  • 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 畜禽育种国家重点实验室, 农业部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 广东省动物育种与营养公共实验室, 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室, 广州 510640

收稿日期: 2013-12-28

  网络出版日期: 2014-05-30

基金资助

公益性行业（农业）科研专项（200903006）；国家肉鸡产业技术体系项目（CARS-42）；广东省自然科学基金团对项目（05200576）

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Crude Protein Requirement of Fast-Growing Yellow Broilers Aged from 22 to 63 Days

  • LIN Xiajing ,
  • ZHOU Guilian ,
  • JIANG Shouqun ,
  • JIANG Zongyong ,
  • ZHENG Chuntian ,
  • CHEN Fang ,
  • GOU Zhongyong ,
  • LI Long
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  • State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong 510640, China

Received date: 2013-12-28

  Online published: 2014-05-30

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质水平对22~42日龄和43~63日龄2个阶段黄羽肉鸡生长性能、胴体品质、蛋白质沉积率和血液生化指标的影响，探讨快大型黄羽肉鸡饲养中、后期的粗蛋白质营养需要量。选用22、43日龄岭南黄羽肉鸡各1 600只，每阶段采用2（性别）×5（粗蛋白质水平）因子试验设计，共设10个组，每组4个重复，每重复40只鸡。22~42日龄各组饲粮粗蛋白质水平分别为16.0%、17.5%、19.0%、20.5%、22.0%，43~63日龄各组粗蛋白质水平分别为14.0%、15.5%、17.0%、18.5%、20.0%，每阶段试验期均为21 d。结果表明，22~42日龄：1）饲粮粗蛋白质水平显著影响母鸡平均日采食量、公鸡平均日增重和料重比（P<0.05）；2）饲粮粗蛋白质水平对公、母鸡腹脂率、胸肌率、腿肌率有显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0.01）影响；3）饲粮粗蛋白质水平对公、母鸡血清胆固醇、甘油三酯和尿酸含量及蛋白质沉积率也有显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0.01）影响。43~63日龄：1）饲粮粗蛋白质水平对公、母鸡平均日采食量、平均日增重、粗蛋白质摄入量以及公鸡料重比有极显著影响（P<0.01）；2）饲粮粗蛋白质水平不同，各组间公鸡胴体品质（腹脂率、胸肌率、腿肌率）差异显著（P<0.05），母鸡腿肌率差异极显著（P<0.01）；3）饲粮粗蛋白质水平对公、母鸡蛋白质沉积率有极显著影响（P<0.01），对血清胆固醇、甘油三酯和尿酸含量也有显著（P<0.05）或极显著（P<0.01）影响。综合所有数据及回归分析结果，22~42日龄母鸡推荐粗蛋白质水平为19.00%~19.23%，公鸡推荐粗蛋白质水平为19.00%~19.41%；43~63日龄母鸡推荐粗蛋白质水平为17.00%~17.28%，公鸡推荐粗蛋白质水平为17.00%~18.50%。

关键词： 黄羽肉鸡; 粗蛋白质; 需要量; 胴体品质; 生长性能; 蛋白质沉积率

本文引用格式

林厦菁 , 周桂莲 , 蒋守群 , 蒋宗勇 , 郑春田 , 陈芳 , 苟钟勇 , 李龙 . 22~63日龄快大型黄羽肉鸡粗蛋白质营养需要量[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(6) : 1453 -1466 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.06.005

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate dietary crude protein (CP) level on growth performance, carcass quality, rate of protein retention and blood biochemical indices in broilers aged from 22 to 42 and 43 to 63 days of age. For both the earlier and later phases, a factorial arrangement was used to assess effects of sex (equal numbers of each) and CP level (16.0%, 17.5%, 19.0%, 20.5% and 22.0% for 21 to 42 days of age; 14.0%, 15.5%, 17.0%, 18.5% and 20.0% for 43 to 63 days of age). The experiment involved 4 replicates of 40 chickens of each sex and CP level in each growth phase (a total of 3 200 birds). Birds from each replicate was blood sampled and slaughtered to determine effects of CP on blood indices and carcass composition. The corn-soybean meal diets were formulated with different level corn, soybean meal and palm oil to make the 10 diets. The results showed as follows: at 22 to 42 days of age, 1) dietary CP levels significantly affected average daily feed intake (ADFI) of female broilers, average daily gain (ADG) and feed/gain (F/G) of male broilers (P<0.05); 2) dietary CP levels significantly affected the percentages of thigh muscle, abdominal fat and breast muscle of both sexes (P<0.05 or P<0.01); 3) dietary CP levels significantly influenced the content of triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), uric acid (UA) in serum and CP deposition of both sexes (P<0.05 or P<0.01). At 43 to 63 days of age, 1) dietary CP levels significantly influenced ADFI, ADG and CP intake of both sexes, and F/G of the males (P<0.01); 2) there was a striking effect of dietary CP levels on carcass quality (the percentages of thigh muscle, abdominal fat and breast muscle) of males (P<0.05), and also significantly influenced thigh muscle percentage of females(P<0.01); 3) dietary CP levels significantly affected rate of protein deposition (P<0.05) and the contents of TG, CHO and UA in both sexes (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In conclusion, on the basis of all criteria considered and the estimated results of regression analysis, the CP requirement of female yellow broilers at 21 and 42 days of age is 19.00% to 19.23% and the CP requirement of female yellow broilers is 19.00% to 19.41%. For 43 to 63 days of age, the CP requirement of female yellow broilers is 17.00% to 17.28% and the CP requirement of male yellow broilers is 17.00% to 18.50%.

Key words： yellow broilers; CP; requirement; carcass quality; growth performance; protein retention

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