动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 8: 2225 - 2231

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.08.025

特种经济动物营养 Special Economic Animal Nutrition

饲粮脂肪水平对哺乳期水貂生产性能及血液生化指标的影响

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  • 1. 中国农业科学院特产研究所, 特种经济动物分子生物学重点实验室, 长春 130112;
    2. 延边大学农学院, 延边 133002
张海华（1983-），女，河北承德人，博士研究生，研究方向为特种经济动物营养与分子营养。E-mail：zhh83@126.com

收稿日期: 2014-02-25

  网络出版日期: 2014-08-13

基金资助

公益性行业（农业）科研专项（200903014）；中国农业科学院创新工程专项经费

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Effect of Dietary Fat Level on Performance and Blood Biochemical Parameters of Minks during Lactation Period

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  • 1. Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Changchun 130112, China;
    2. Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China

Received date: 2014-02-25

  Online published: 2014-08-13

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮脂肪水平对哺乳期水貂生产性能和血液生化指标的影响。选择健康哺乳母貂及其仔貂60窝，随机分为4组，每组15个重复，每个重复1窝。4组哺乳母貂饲喂蛋白质水平（45%）相同，脂肪水平分别为14.43%（Ⅰ组）、18.80%（Ⅱ组）、22.77%（Ⅲ组）和26.89%（Ⅳ组）的试验饲粮。试验期为45 d。结果表明：1）9、18、27、45日龄仔貂平均体重均以Ⅱ组最高，其中9日龄时显著高于Ⅳ组（P<0.05），18日龄时显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅳ组（P<0.05），27日龄时显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），45日龄时显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅳ组（P<0.05）。Ⅳ组母貂平均体重在仔貂9、18、27、45日龄时均为最高，其中9、27日龄时显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），18日龄时显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（P<0.05），45日龄时显著高于Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。各日龄仔貂成活率在各组间均差异不显著（P>0.05），但45日龄时以Ⅱ和Ⅲ组较高。2）饲粮脂肪水平对母貂血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、葡萄糖和甘油三酯含量的影响不显著（P>0.05）。随着饲粮脂肪水平的升高，母貂血清尿素氮含量逐渐降低，具体表现为Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.01），Ⅳ组还极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组（P<0.01），Ⅱ、Ⅲ组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）；母貂血清中总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白含量均随着饲粮脂肪水平的升高呈上升趋势，其中总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白含量表现为Ⅰ、Ⅱ组显著低于Ⅲ、Ⅳ组（P<0.05），低密度脂蛋白含量表现为Ⅰ组显著低于Ⅲ、Ⅳ组（P<0.05）。由此得出，本试验条件下，水貂哺乳期饲粮适宜脂肪水平为18.80%。

关键词： 水貂; 哺乳期; 脂肪水平; 血液生化指标

本文引用格式

张海华, 张铁涛, 周宁, 孙伟丽, 钟伟, 常忠娟, 赵靖波, 李光玉 . 饲粮脂肪水平对哺乳期水貂生产性能及血液生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(8) : 2225 -2231 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.08.025

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary fat level on performance and blood biochemical parameters of minks during lactation period. A total of 60 litters of healthy lactation minks and their kids were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 15 replicates per group and 1 litter per replicate. Minks in the 4 groups were fed 4 experimental diets that contained 14.43% (groupⅠ), 18.80% (group Ⅱ), 22.77% (group Ⅲ) and 26.89% (group Ⅳ) fat, respectively, and the protein level (45%) of the 4 experimental diets was the same. The experiment lasted for 45 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the average body weight of kids at 9, 18, 27 and 45 days of age in group Ⅱ was the highest, and it was significantly higher than that in group Ⅳ at 9 days of age, in groups Ⅰ and Ⅳ at 18 days of age (P<0.05), in other groups at 27 days of age and in groups Ⅰ and Ⅳ at 45 days of age (P<0.05). The average body weight of female minks in group Ⅳ was always the highest when kids were at 9, 18, 27 and 45 days of age, and it was significantly higher than that in other groups at 9 and 27 days of age (P<0.05), in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ at 18 days of age (P<0.05) and in group Ⅱ at 45 days of age (P<0.05). At different days of age, the survival rate of kids had no significant difference among all groups (P>0.05), but groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ had the highest survival rate at 45 days of age. 2) The contents of total protein, albumin, glucose and triglyceride in serum of female minks were not significantly affected by dietary fat level (P>0.05). With dietary fat level increasing, the serum urea nitrogen content of female minks was decreased, and that in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.01), as well as that in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.01), but no significant difference was found between groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). The contents of cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein in serum of female minks had an increasing trend with dietary fat level increasing, and the contents of total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein in serum in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were significantly lower than those in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P<0.05), while the serum low density lipoprotein content in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P<0.05). In conclusion, the optimal fat level of minks during lactation period is 18.80% under the conditions of this experiment.

Key words： mink; lactation period; fat level; serum biochemical parameters

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