动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 8: 2365 - 2372

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.08.043

研究简报 Short Communications

不同精粗比饲粮对晋南牛瘤胃发酵特性和养分消化代谢的影响

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  • 1. 山西农业大学动物科技学院, 太谷 030801;
    2. 山西省生态畜牧产业管理站, 太原 030001;
    3. 山西省忻州市畜禽繁育工作站, 忻州 034000
张莹莹（1990-），女，黑龙江绥化人，硕士研究生，从事反刍动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail：1143795965@qq.com

收稿日期: 2014-03-14

  网络出版日期: 2014-08-13

基金资助

山西省科技厅攻关项目（20120311021-2）；山西农业大学横向合作项目（2013HX16）

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Effects of Different Roughage to Concentrate Ratios on Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics, Nutrients Digestion and Metabolism of Jinnan Cattle

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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China;
    2. Shanxi Province Ecology and Livestock Industry Management Station, Taiyuan 030001, China;
    3. Livestock and Poultry Breeding Workstation of Xinzhou City in Shanxi Province, Xinzhou 034000, China

Received date: 2014-03-14

  Online published: 2014-08-13

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摘要

为探讨不同精粗比饲粮对晋南牛瘤胃发酵特性和养分消化代谢的影响，试验选取12月龄左右健康晋南牛36头，随机分为4组，每组9头。对照组和试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别饲喂粗精比为90：10、70：30、50：50和30：70的饲粮。饲养试验预试期10 d，正试期60 d；饲养试验结束后每组随机抽取3头牛进行为期10 d的消化代谢试验。结果表明：试验Ⅲ组平均日增重显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05），试验Ⅲ组的干物质采食量和料重比均显著低于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的有机物和粗蛋白质的表观消化率均显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05），试验组干物质表观消化率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的采食氮、可消化氮、沉积氮均显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05），试验Ⅲ组的氮排泄/采食氮、磷排泄/采食磷、甲烷能排放均显著低于对照组和试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（P<0.05）；试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组瘤胃液总挥发性脂肪酸、丙酸、丁酸浓度均显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05），试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组瘤胃液pH、乙酸浓度、乙酸：丙酸和氨态氮浓度均显著低于对照组和试验Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。综合以上结果分析，确定粗精比为70：30的饲粮最适合育肥期晋南牛的饲喂。

关键词： 精粗比; 瘤胃发酵; 表观消化率; 氮平衡; 晋南牛

本文引用格式

张莹莹, 王聪, 刘强, 白元生, 师周戈, 刘晓妮, 高书文 . 不同精粗比饲粮对晋南牛瘤胃发酵特性和养分消化代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(8) : 2365 -2372 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.08.043

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different roughage to concentrate ratios on ruminal fermentation characteristics, nutrients digestion and metabolism of Jinnan cattle. Thirty-six healthy Jinnan cattle aged about 12 months were randomly divided into four groups with nine head per group. Cattle in control group and test groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed diets with roughage to concentrate ratios of 90:10, 70:30, 50:50 and 30:70, respectively. Feeding trial lasted for 70 days with a 10-day pre-trial period and a 60-day trial period. After that, three heads of cattle were randomly selected from each group for a 10-day digestion and metabolism trial. The results showed that average daily gain in test group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in control group and test group Ⅰ (P<0.05), and dry matter intake and feed:gain in test group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in control group and test group Ⅰ (P<0.05); the apparent digestibility of organic matter and crude protein in test groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in control group and test group Ⅰ (P<0.05), and the apparent digestibility of dry matter in test groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05); nitrogen intake, digestible nitrogen and nitrogen retention in test groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in control group and test groups Ⅰ (P<0.05); nitrogen emission/nitrogen intake, phosphorus emission/phosphorus intake and methane energy emission in test group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in control group, test groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05); the concentrations of total volatile fatty acid, propionate and butyrate of ruminal fluid in test groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in control group and test group Ⅰ (P<0.05), however, pH, acetate concentration, acetate:propionate and ammonia nitrogen concentration of ruminal fluid in test groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in control group and test group Ⅰ (P<0.05). In conclusion, the optimal roughage to concentrate ratio in diet for finishing Jinnan cattle is 70:30.

Key words： roughage to concentrate ratio; ruminal fermentation; apparent digestibility; nitrogen balance; Jinnan cattle

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