动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 9: 2523 - 2529

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.09.012

禽营养 Poultry Nutrition

1~14日龄北京鸭胆碱需要量及缺乏症的初步探究

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  • 1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193;
    2. 中国农业大学动物科技学院, 北京 100193
闻治国（1986-），男，山西忻州人，博士研究生，从事家禽营养学研究。E-mail：wenzg0125@163.com

收稿日期: 2014-03-17

  网络出版日期: 2014-09-10

基金资助

国家水禽产业技术体系（CARS-43）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程（ASTIP-IAS09）

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A Preliminary Study of Choline Requirement and Deficiency Symptom in Peking Ducks from 1 to 14 Days of Age

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  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2014-03-17

  Online published: 2014-09-10

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摘要

本试验旨在研究1~14日龄北京鸭胆碱需要量及胆碱缺乏病的临床学特点。试验采用单因子完全随机试验设计，将384只1日龄健康雄性北京鸭随机分成8组，每组6个重复，每个重复8只鸭。采用玉米-大豆分离蛋白-玉米淀粉型饲粮，各组胆碱水平分别为302、496、778、990、1 182、1 414、1 625、1 832 mg/kg。试验期为14 d。结果表明：1）饲粮胆碱水平对北京鸭平均日增重和平均日采食量有显著影响（P<0.05），并随胆碱水平的增加而升高，在990 mg/kg时达到最大；但饲粮胆碱水平对料重比没有显著影响（P>0.05）。2）饲粮中胆碱缺乏明显抑制北京鸭生长发育，各组表现出不同程度的胆碱缺乏症，表现为从腿骨无力而爬行、胫跖骨关节肿大、跛脚站立不起到死亡的变化趋势，其中302 mg/kg胆碱组最为严重；饲粮胆碱水平达到1 182 mg/kg时，胆碱缺乏症能够得到有效缓解。3）以平均日增重和平均日采食量为评定指标，采用二次曲线模型估算的1~14日龄北京鸭胆碱需要量分别为1 289和1 291 mg/kg。综合以上结果得出，饲粮胆碱缺乏显著抑制北京鸭生长发育，1~14日龄北京鸭胆碱推荐量为1 300 mg/kg。

关键词： 北京鸭; 胆碱; 需要量; 缺乏症

本文引用格式

闻治国, 唐静, 谢明, 黄苇, 侯水生 . 1~14日龄北京鸭胆碱需要量及缺乏症的初步探究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(9) : 2523 -2529 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.09.012

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the choline requirement and deficiency symptom in Peking ducks from 1 to 14 days of age. A total of 384 healthy male Pekin ducks were randomly allotted to 8 groups with 6 replicates per group and 8 ducks per replicate. Ducks in the 8 groups were fed corn-isolated soybean protein-corn starch diets with the choline level of 302, 496, 778, 990, 1 182, 1 414, 1 625, and 1 832 mg/kg, respectively. The experiment lasted for 14 days. The results showed as follows: 1) dietary choline level had significantly effects on average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) (P<0.05). The ADG and ADFI were improved with the increase of dietary choline level, and reached a highest value when dietary choline was 990 mg/kg. Dietary choline level had no significantly effect on the ratio of feed to gain (P>0.05). 2) Dietary choline deficiency significantly inhibited the growth and development of Peking ducks. Ducks in each group showed various degrees of choline deficiency disease on the leg and the ducks showed the tendency from skelasthenia, hock enlargement, and complete crippling to dead. The ducks were the most serious in 302 mg/kg choline group and the symptom could be prevented completely when dietary choline was 1 182 mg/kg. 3) According to the quadratic model, the choline requirements for ADG and ADFI in Peking ducks from 1 to 14 days of age were 1 289 and 1 291 mg/kg, respectively. In conclusion, choline deficiency can inhibite the growth and development of Peking ducks, and the choline requirement is 1 300 mg/kg from 1 to 14 days of age.

Key words： Peking ducks; choline; requirement; deficiency symptom

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