动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 9: 2542 - 2552

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.09.014

禽营养 Poultry Nutrition

1~21日龄快大型黄羽肉鸡低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸平衡模式

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  • 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 畜禽育种国家重点实验室, 农业部(华南)动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 广东省动物育种与营养公共实验室, 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室, 广州 510640
林厦菁（1988-），女，福建尤溪人，硕士研究生，从事黄鸡营养与饲料研究。E-mail：93783419@qq.com

收稿日期: 2014-03-18

  网络出版日期: 2014-09-10

基金资助

国家肉鸡产业技术体系项目（CARS-42）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项（200903006）

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Amino Acid Balance Pattern of a Low Protein Diet in Fast-Growing Yellow-Feathered Broilers Aged from 1 to 21 Days

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  • State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (South China) of Ministry of Agriculture, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong 510640, China

Received date: 2014-03-18

  Online published: 2014-09-10

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摘要

本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸平衡模式对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、氮利用率、血浆生化指标的影响。选用1日龄健康快大型黄羽肉鸡公雏252只，根据体重相近原则，随机分为7个组，每个组6个重复，每个重复6只鸡，对照组粗蛋白质和氨基酸含量均符合饲养标准需要量；低蛋白质组粗蛋白质含量降低3%，添加赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸和异亮氨酸，使其必需氨基酸含量与对照组相同；其余5个组根据扣除法原理，依次按照饲养标准中赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、色氨酸、苏氨酸及异亮氨酸水平扣除20%，其余氨基酸含量保持不变，分别为低蛋白质-赖氨酸组、低蛋白质-蛋氨酸组、低蛋白质-色氨酸组、低蛋白质-苏氨酸组和低蛋白质-异亮氨酸组。试验期21 d。结果表明：1）各组与对照组相比平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比均无显著差异（P>0.05），其中低蛋白质-赖氨酸组平均日增重最高，料重比最低。2）低蛋白质-蛋氨酸组和低蛋白质-色氨酸组血浆总蛋白含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。低蛋白质-蛋氨酸组血浆白蛋白含量显著低于对照组、低蛋白质组、低蛋白质-赖氨酸组、低蛋白质-苏氨酸组、低蛋白质-异亮氨酸组（P<0.05）。低蛋白质-色氨酸组与低蛋白质-异亮氨酸组血浆尿素氮含量显著高于对照组、低蛋白质-赖氨酸组（P<0.05）。3）所有组排泄物中氮含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。低蛋白质-赖氨酸组、低蛋白质-苏氨酸组氮存留率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。4）所有组赖氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、缬氨酸存留率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。低蛋白质-异亮氨酸组蛋氨酸、精氨酸存留率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。低蛋白质组、低蛋白质-赖氨酸组、低蛋白质-色氨酸组、低蛋白质-异亮氨酸组和低蛋白质-苏氨酸组的苏氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸存留率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。综合以上结果得到，1~21日龄快大型黄羽肉鸡低蛋白质饲粮（粗蛋白质含量为17.51%）中赖氨酸：蛋氨酸：苏氨酸：色氨酸：异亮氨酸的适宜比例为100：（44~55）：72：（18~23）：（54~72）。

关键词： 黄羽肉鸡; 氨基酸平衡模式; 低蛋白质饲粮; 赖氨酸; 氮存留率

本文引用格式

林厦菁, 蒋守群, 丁发源, 郑春田, 洪平 . 1~21日龄快大型黄羽肉鸡低蛋白质饲粮氨基酸平衡模式[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(9) : 2542 -2552 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.09.014

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of amino acid balance pattern of a low protein diet on performance, nitrogen use efficiency and blood biochemical indexes of fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers aged from 1 to 21 days. A total of 252 one-day-old fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allocated into 7 dietary groups with 6 replicates per group and with 6 birds per replicate, and were fed for 21 d. The control diet was formulated on the basis of the crude protein and amino acid requirements for these chickens, and the low protein (LP) diet had 3% less crude protein content, but was supplemented with essential amino acids (Lys, Met, Thr, Trp and Ile) to the contents in control. In groups LP-Lys, LP-Met, LP-Trp, LP-Thr and LP-Ile, the dietary content of these individual amino acid was supplemented to just 80% of control diet, while all other amino acids remained as in the LP diet. The results showed as follows: 1) there were no significant differences between control group and other groups in average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed/gain (P>0.05), but the average daily gain of LP-Lys group was the highest and its feed/gain was the lowest. 2) The plasma total plasma protein content of groups LP-Met and LP-Trp was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The plasma albumin content of LP-Met group was significantly lower than that of groups control, LP, LP-Lys, LP-Thr and LP-Ile (P<0.05). The plasma urea nitrogen content of groups LP-Trp and LP-Ile was significantly higher than that of groups control and LP-Lys (P<0.05). 3) The fecal nitrogen content of control group was significantly higher than that of all other groups (P<0.05). The nitrogen retention of control group was significantly lower than that of LP-Lys group (P<0.05). 4) The retentions of Lys, Ile, Phe, and Val of control group were significantly lower than those of all other groups (P<0.05). The retentions of Met and Arg of control group were significantly lower than those of LP-Ile group (P<0.05). The retentions of Thr, Leu and Tyr of control group were significantly lower than those of groups LP, LP-Lys, LP-Trp, LP-Thr and LP-Ile (P<0.05). On the basis of all criteria considered, the optimal Lys : Met : Trp : Thr : Ile for fast-growing yellow-feathered broilers aged from 1 to 21 days is 100 : (44 to 55) : 72 : (18 to 23) : (54 to 72).

Key words： yellow-feathered broiler; amino acid balance pattern; low protein diet; lysine; nitrogen retention

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