反刍与草食动物营养 Ruminants and Herbivorous Animal Nutrition

饲粮硝酸钾对湖羊瘤胃硝态氮浓度和瘤胃发酵特性的影响

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  • 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院, 扬州 225009
林淼(1984-),女,福建龙岩人,讲师,博士,从事反刍动物营养研究。E-mail:linmiao@yzu.edu.cn*同等贡献作者*

收稿日期: 2014-04-25

  网络出版日期: 2014-09-10

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(31301997),高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20133250120009)

Effects of Dietary Potassium Nitrate on Nitrate Nitrogen Concentration and Ruminal Fermentation of Hu Sheep

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  • College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

Received date: 2014-04-25

  Online published: 2014-09-10

摘要

本试验采用单因子试验设计,旨在研究湖羊饲粮中添加0、0.5%和1.0%硝酸钾对湖羊瘤胃硝态氮浓度、瘤胃发酵特性及血液指标的影响。喂后0、0.5、1、1.5、2、4、6和8 h通过瘤胃瘘管采集瘤胃液,测定硝酸盐(NO3-)、亚硝酸盐(NO2-)浓度以及瘤胃发酵参数;同时,喂后2 h颈静脉采血测定血液指标。结果表明:1)瘤胃液NO3-和NO2-浓度分别在喂后1和2 h达到最大值,之后迅速降低,至6~8 h趋近于0;2)与对照组相比,1.0%组在喂后2、6和8 h的pH显著提高(P<0.05),1、1.5和2 h的氨态氮浓度显著增加(P<0.05);同时,显著提高喂后1.5 h原虫蛋白和总微生物蛋白质浓度及喂后4、8 h乙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸的浓度(P<0.05),降低喂后0.5 h、2~6 h丁酸浓度(P<0.05),瘤胃发酵模式倾向于乙酸发酵;3)添加硝酸钾对湖羊血清生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.05),且未检测到血液高铁血红蛋白(<0.1%)。由此可知,湖羊饲粮中添加低水平硝酸钾可促进瘤胃微生物蛋白质的合成且未达到NO2-中毒剂量。

本文引用格式

林淼, 张建刚, 王严, 姚文成, 赵国琦 . 饲粮硝酸钾对湖羊瘤胃硝态氮浓度和瘤胃发酵特性的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(9) : 2590 -2598 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.09.019

Abstract

A single factor design was used to investigate the effects of potassium nitrate on rumen fermentation characteristics, nitrate nitrogen concentration and blood indices when Hu sheep were adapted to different levels of dietary potassium nitrate (0, 0.5% and 1.0%). Rumen fluid was obtained at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after feeding to determine the concentration of nitrate and nitrite and fermentation parameters. Blood sample was collected at 2 h after feeding to determine the concentration of blood indices. The results showed as follows: 1) the nitrate and nitrite concentrations in rumen fluid increased to the maximum level at 1 and 2 h after feeding and then reduced rapidly until completely disappeared at 6 to 8 h; 2) compared with control group,1.0% potassium nitrate significantly increased pH at 2, 6 and 8 h after feeding, NH3-N concentration at 1, 1.5 and 2 h after feeding, the concentrations of protozoal and total microbial proteins at 1.5 h, the concentrations of acetic acid and total volatile fatty acid at 4 and 8 h after feeding (P<0.05), and decreased the concentration of butyric acid at 0.5 h and 2 to 6 h after feeding (P<0.05); and rumen fermentation patterns tended to acetic acid fermentation; 3) there were no significant differences in serum biochemical indices, and blood methemoglobin concentration was not detected (<0.1%) by adding potassium nitrate. In conclusion, lower level of dietary potassium nitrate increases microbial protein concentration and does not cause nitrite toxicity.

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