动物营养学报 >

2014 , Vol. 26 >Issue 9: 2722 - 2729

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.09.034

特种经济动物营养 Special Economic Animal Nutrition

人工饲养条件下意大利蜜蜂幼虫饲粮的适宜粗蛋白质水平

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  • 山东农业大学动物科技学院, 泰安 271000
张怡丁（1987-），女，山东淄博人，硕士研究生，从事蜜蜂营养研究。E-mail：ddlyy1208@163.com

收稿日期: 2014-03-10

  网络出版日期: 2014-09-10

基金资助

国家蜂产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS-45）

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Optimal Dietary Crude Protein Levels for the in Vitro Artificial Rearing of Honey Bee (Apis mellifera Ligustica)

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  • College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, China

Received date: 2014-03-10

  Online published: 2014-09-10

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摘要

本试验以酶水解酪蛋白为外源粗蛋白质，探究人工饲养条件下意大利蜜蜂幼虫饲粮的适宜粗蛋白质水平。移取1日龄幼虫960只，平均分为5组：对照组饲喂幼虫基础饲粮，粗蛋白质水平为8%，试验组在其基础上分别添加不同剂量的酶水解酪蛋白，使各组粗蛋白质水平分别为9%、10%、11%和12%。采用人工饲养蜜蜂幼虫技术饲养幼虫直至羽化出房。结果表明：1）幼虫饲粮粗蛋白质水平9%、10%组的化蛹率和羽化率与对照组差异不显著（P>0.05），但显著高于其他试验组（P<0.05）；粗蛋白质水平12%组只能少数化蛹，不能成功羽化。2）与对照组相比，粗蛋白质水平为9%~11%时，幼虫和蛹的体重显著升高（P<0.05）；粗蛋白质水平对新出房工蜂的体重影响不显著（P>0.05）。3）粗蛋白质水平显著影响蜂体各发育阶段的抗氧化能力（P<0.05），且对蛹和新出房工蜂而言，均表现粗蛋白质水平为8%时超氧化物歧化酶活性最强，9%时总抗氧化能力最大。4）与对照组相比，粗蛋白质水平为9%~10%时，幼虫和蛹的卵黄原蛋白基因相对表达量显著升高（P<0.05），但对新出房工蜂影响不显著（P>0.05）。由此推断，人工饲养条件下意大利蜜蜂幼虫饲粮的适宜粗蛋白质水平为8%~10%。

关键词： 蜜蜂幼虫; 粗蛋白质水平; 人工饲养; 抗氧化活性; 卵黄原蛋白基因表达

本文引用格式

张怡丁, 张卫星, 胥保华, 刘锋 . 人工饲养条件下意大利蜜蜂幼虫饲粮的适宜粗蛋白质水平[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(9) : 2722 -2729 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.09.034

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the optimal dietary crude protein levels for the in vitro artificial rearing of honey bee larvae, using enzymatic hydrolysis casein as exogenous crude proteins. Nine hundred and sixty of one-day-old larvae were divided into 5 groups: the control group was fed a basic larval diet with the crude protein level of 8%, and the experimental groups were fed the larval diet with crude protein levels of 9%, 10%, 11% and 12%, which were added with enzyme hydrolysis casein. The technique of artificial feeding in vitro method was used for rearing honeybee from larvae to newly emerged workers. The results showed as follows: 1) the percentages of pupation and eclosion of 9% and 10% crude protein level groups had no significant differences from those of control group (P>0.05), but were significantly higher than those of other groups (P<0.05); the group with crude protein level of 12% had only a handful of pupation, and could not emerge successfully. 2) Compared with control group, the weights of larvae and pupae fed diets with crude protein level of 9% to 11% were significantly increased (P<0.05), but there was no significant effect of dietary crude protein levels on the weight of newly emerged workers (P>0.05). 3) There were significant effects of crude protein level on antioxidant capacity of honeybee body in different development stages (P<0.05), superoxide dismutase activity was the highest for pupae and newly emerged workers fed diets with crude protein level of 8%, and total antioxidant capacity was the highest for them fed diets with crude protein level of 9%. 4) Compared with control group, vitellogenin gene relative mRNA expression level in larval and pupal was significantly increased when crude protein level was between 9% and 10% (P<0.05), but crude protein level had no significant influence on newly emerged workers (P>0.05). These results indicate that the 8% to 10% of dietary crude protein level is the optimal for artificial rearing of honeybee larvae in vitro.

Key words： honeybee larvae; crude protein level; in vitro artificial rearing; antioxidation; vitellogenin gene expression

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