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母猪情期启动营养调控分子机制的探讨

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  • 1. 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 雅安 625014;
    2. 动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室, 雅安 625014;
    3. 通威股份有限公司, 成都 610000;
    4. 广西商大科技有限公司, 南宁 530021
吴德(1967—),男,四川南江人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事种猪营养研究。E-mail:pig2pig@sina.com.cn

收稿日期: 2014-08-26

  网络出版日期: 2015-01-23

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(30871804)

Comments on Molecular Mechanisms of Nutrition Regulation on Estrus Onset of Sows

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  • 1. Instituteof Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China;
    2. Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Ya'an 625014, China;
    3. TongweiCo., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, China;
    4. Guangxi Shangda Technology Co., Ltd., Nanning 530021, China

Received date: 2014-08-26

  Online published: 2015-01-23

摘要

养猪生产中后备母猪年更新率高达40%~50%,哺乳母猪断奶后情期启动失败被淘汰比例占30%~40%,50%的母猪终身仅提供30~40头断奶仔猪就被淘汰,给养猪生产带来巨大经济损失。大量研究表明,下丘脑Kisspeptin信号系统在调控雌性动物情期启动和卵泡发育方面发挥重要作用。本课题组前期研究证实,猪的情期启动只有在营养充足、机体处于合成代谢时才能发生和维持。营养是推动后备母猪由生长向繁殖转换,或断奶母猪由泌乳向繁殖转换的物质基础。本文提出了营养调控母猪情期启动的几种理论假设,综述了能量、蛋白质(氨基酸)、维生素D3和部分矿物元素对机体代谢和下丘脑Kisspeptin信号的影响及其在调控母猪情期启动方面的分子机制。

本文引用格式

吴德, 卓勇, 吕刚, 徐盛玉, 林燕, 车炼强, 方正锋, 李勇 . 母猪情期启动营养调控分子机制的探讨[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(10) : 3020 -3032 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.10.014

Abstract

Annual renewal rate of replacement gilts is up to 40% to 50% in modern swine production. Sows culled due to absence of estrus accounts for 30% to 40% of the total culling, with 50% sows weaning only 30 to 40 piglets per lifetime before culling, which largely limits the available profits in swine production. A wealth of studies revealed that hypothalamic Kisspeptin signal pathway played a critical role in regulating estrus onset and follicle development. Researches in our laboratory revealed that estrus onset would occur only under nutrient abundant and anabolic status. Adequate nutrient storage is the basis that drives the switch from growth to puberty in gilts, or switch from lactation to estrus in sows. This review provided several potential hypothesis for the nutritional regulation of estrus onset in sows. The effects of energy, protein (amino acid), vitamin D3 and partial minerals on the metabolism and hypothalamus Kisspeptin signal and their molecular mechanisms on regulating estrus onset of sows were also discussed in the present review.

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