综述 Review

家禽肠道屏障功能及其营养调控

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  • 中国农业大学动物科技学院, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193
呙于明(1965—),男,湖北公安人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:guoyum@cau.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2014-08-13

  网络出版日期: 2015-01-23

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(31402093)

Intestinal Barrier of Poultry: Function and Modulation

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  • State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2014-08-13

  Online published: 2015-01-23

摘要

肠道具有双重功能,既作为消化和吸收营养物质的重要器官,又是保持机体内环境稳定的先天性屏障。家禽肠道屏障包括机械屏障、化学屏障、微生物屏障和免疫屏障。目前,测定肠道屏障功能的方法包括检测肠道通透性、血浆内毒素、细菌移位、肠道黏膜组织学观察等。有限的研究报道了肠道屏障功能及紧密连接蛋白的闭锁蛋白occludin、闭合蛋白claudins(claudin-3、-5、-16)和闭合小环蛋白(ZO)-2在胚胎期和/或出壳后早期在鸡肠上皮的发育模式,并认为不同肠段的屏障功能及其紧密连接蛋白的发育速度很不一致。家禽肠道屏障的营养调控方面的研究主要涉及营养素(如锌)、胃肠道微生态制剂(如益生菌和益生元)、功能性多糖、表皮生长因子和酶制剂等添加剂的作用。谷氨酰胺和苏氨酸等添加剂虽对其他动物屏障功能有作用,但对家禽肠道屏障的作用还有待证实。本文对家禽肠道屏障理论研究和应用技术进行了综述与展望。

本文引用格式

呙于明, 刘丹, 张炳坤 . 家禽肠道屏障功能及其营养调控[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(10) : 3091 -3100 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.10.021

Abstract

The intestine not only has the absorptive role of nutrients but also serves as an innate barrier to maintain internal environment homeostasis of body. The intestinal barrier is a complex structure made up of four main components: the physical, chemical, immunological and microbiological barriers. The intestinal barrier function in humans or animals is evaluated by measuring intestinal permeability, plasma LPS concentrations, bacterial translocation and intestinal mucosal histological examination. Limited studies have shown the developmental profile of intestinal barrier function and tight junction protein occludin, claudins(-3, -5 and -16) and ZO-2 in the intestinal epithelium of chicks in embryonic phase or/and the early post-hatch period, indicating that developmental patterns of different intestines and tight junction proteins are not coincident. Several feed additives, including nutrients (i.e. Zn), gastro-intestinal microecological modulators, such as probiotics and prebiotics, functional polysaccharide, epidermal growth factor and enzymes, were shown to regulate intestinal barrier function in poultry. The effectiveness of glutamine and threonine on intestinal barrier function has been demonstrated in other animals, but need to be investigated in poultry. The proposal deserved further studies on intestinal barrier of poultry are summarized.

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