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反刍动物瘤胃酸中毒机制解析及其营养调控措施

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  • 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院, 扬州 225009
王洪荣(1962—),男,内蒙古丰镇人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事反刍动物营养代谢与调控研究。E-mail:hrwang@yzu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2014-08-13

  网络出版日期: 2015-01-23

基金资助

国家科技支撑计划"奶牛营养调控与粗饲料高效利用关键技术——后备牛营养需要量参数及配套精细饲养工艺与调控技术研究"(2012BAD12B02);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2011CB100803)

Mechanism Analysis and Nutritional Strategies for Prevention of Sub-Acute Ruminal Acidosis in Ruminants

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  • College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

Received date: 2014-08-13

  Online published: 2015-01-23

摘要

反刍动物瘤胃亚急性酸中毒(SARA)是现代集约化生产中常见的营养代谢病。"反刍动物SARA的发生和调控机制"是重要的科学问题,对其的进一步深入研究不仅在学术上有重要意义,而且对降低经济损失具有重要的现实意义。本文分析了国际上反刍动物瘤胃中毒研究的最新成果和进展,对其产生原因和机制以及预防措施进行了系统的阐述。本文深入探讨了引起瘤胃酸中毒的3个学说,"有机酸中毒学说"、"乳酸中毒学说"和"内毒素和组织胺中毒学说";较为深入地解析了饲粮中碳水化合物组成、瘤胃微生物菌群及其代谢变化对瘤胃酸中毒发生的影响。同时,也对SARA的预防及其营养调控措施进行了论述,并提出通过科学合理的饲养管理,合理设计饲粮的碳水化合物组成,使用益生菌、缓冲剂、有机酸、硫胺素,接种疫苗,调控瘤胃内有机酸的产生和利用的途径来预防反刍动物瘤胃酸中毒的发生,以期为今后我国在预防瘤胃酸中毒方面的研究和生产应用提供参考。

本文引用格式

王洪荣 . 反刍动物瘤胃酸中毒机制解析及其营养调控措施[J]. 动物营养学报, 2014 , 26(10) : 3140 -3148 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2014.10.028

Abstract

Sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA) as a kind of ruminal acidosis is a frequently occured nutritional metabolic disorder in intensively ruminants production. ‘Mechanisms of occurrence and manipulation of SARA in ruminants’ are significant academic issues, the further research is a concern not only for academic reason, but also for economic reasons. In this paper, worldwide new achievements and research advances in the study of ruminal acidosis in ruminants were analyzed, and the reasons and mechanisms of occurrence, and prevention strategies of ruminal acidosis were discussed. The paper made comments on three proposal of ruminal acidosis, which were organic acids acidosis, lactic acidosis and endo-toxin and histamine poisoning; deeply analysed the effects of dietary carbohydrate structure, and ruminal microbial flora and the metabolic changes on the occurrence of ruminal acidosis; meanwhile, discussed prevention strategies and nutritional manipulation of ruminal acidosis, and some measures were proposed, including scientifically reasonable feeding managements, balancing of dietary carbohydrate structure, using probiotics, buffers, organic acids and thamine, and modulation of pathways of production and utilization of organic acids in rumen, etc., in purpose to provide reference for further research and production in China.

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