本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平大豆黄酮对如皋黄鸡蛋鸡生产性能、繁殖器官发育和种蛋孵化率的影响。试验选用42周龄体况良好、产蛋率接近的健康如皋黄鸡蛋鸡2 448只,随机分成4个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复102只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加50、100和200 mg/kg大豆黄酮的试验饲粮,预试期2周,正试期14周。结果表明:1)各试验组死亡率、产蛋率、平均蛋重、平均日产蛋重、平均日采食量和料蛋比与对照组相比较差异均不显著(P>0.05)。2)正试期第12周末,各试验组卵巢指数和排卵前卵泡指数均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组其他繁殖器官发育指标与对照组相比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)正试期第13~14周,各试验组受精蛋孵化率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),50和200 mg/kg大豆黄酮组的入孵蛋孵化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各试验组蛋鸡种蛋受精率和健雏率与对照组相比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,本试验条件下,饲粮中添加50、100、200 mg/kg大豆黄酮,能显著提高蛋鸡受精蛋孵化率和入孵蛋孵化率,对45~56周龄如皋黄鸡蛋鸡生产性能和繁殖器官发育无不良影响。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary different daidzein levels on performance, reproductive organs development and hatchability of breeding eggs in Rugao yellow laying hens from 45 to 58 weeks of age. Two thousand four hundred and forty eight 42-week-old healthy Rugao yellow laying hens with a similar laying rate were assigned to 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 102 hens per replicate. The diet of the control group was a basal diet without daidzein, while the diets of experimental group were the basal diet added 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg daidzein, respectively. The pre-test period lasted for 2 weeks and the trial period lasted for 14 weeks. The results showed as follows: 1) there were no significant differences in the mortality, laying rate, average egg weight, average daily egg weight, average daily feed intake and ratio of feed to egg among the 4 groups (P>0.05). 2) At the end of week 12 in trial period, the ovary index and preovulatory follicle index of experimental groups were significantly decreased compared with those in the control group (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the other reproductive organs (P>0.05). 3) During weeks 13 to 14 of the trail, the hatchability of fertile eggs of the experimental groups was significantly increased compared with that in the control group (P<0.05), and the hatchability of setting eggs in 50 and 200 mg/kg daidzein groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in the fertility and percentage of healthy chicks (P>0.05). In conclusion, under the conditions in the present study, dietary 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg daidzein can increase the hatchability of fertile eggs and hatchability of setting eggs, while no harmful effect is found in performance and reproductive organs development of in Rugao yellow laying hens from 45 to 56 weeks of age.