综述 Review

风速在家禽热平衡调节中的作用

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  • 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193
张少帅(1991—),男,河北沙河人,硕士研究生,研究方向为家禽营养与环境。E-mail:zss9587@126.com

收稿日期: 2015-01-29

  网络出版日期: 2015-05-13

基金资助

国家"十二五"科技支撑课题(2012BAD39B02);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS07)

Effects of Air Velocity on Regulation of Thermal Balance in Poultry

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  • State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2015-01-29

  Online published: 2015-05-13

摘要

风速作为环境热负荷量的主要因素之一,与温度和湿度共同影响家禽热平衡调节。在高温环境下,提高风速能够增加家禽的可感散热(SHL),适宜风速时SHL在能量平衡调节中起到主要作用。风速还可以通过对水平衡的调节减少潜热散热(LHL)量,同时增加SHL的占比,相应减少LHL的占比,提高能量的利用率,从而提高体增重和饲料转化率。风速对家禽生产性能的提高作用受到风速、日龄、环境温度、饲养方式和通风方式等因素的影响。本文主要综述家禽热平衡及其调节,风速对SHL和LHL的贡献,并结合对生产性能的陈述,阐释风速在家禽热平衡调节中的作用。

本文引用格式

张少帅, 张敏红 . 风速在家禽热平衡调节中的作用[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(5) : 1348 -1354 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.05.003

Abstract

Air velocity as a principal parameter of thermal load affects the regulation of thermal balance of poultry along with ambient temperature and humidity. At high ambient temperature, enhanced air velocity increases the sensible heat loss of poultry, which plays a major role in the regulation of energy balance at an appropriate air velocity. The decrease of latent heat loss can be achieved by adjusting the water balance and increasing the ratio of sensible heat loss. This can enhance energy utilization and improve weight gain and feed conversion rate. Many factors influence the performance of poultry, such as air velocity, days of age, ambient temperature, the pattern of feed and ventilation. This review summarized thermal balance and regulation and the contribution of air velocity to sensible heat loss and latent heat loss of poultry. Combined with the statement of performance, the effects of air velocity on thermal balance were elucidated.

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