水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

饲料中维生素E水平对三疣梭子蟹幼蟹生长性能、血清非特异性免疫及抗氧化指标的影响

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  • 宁波大学海洋学院, 鱼类营养研究室, 宁波 315211
李弋(1991—),男,江苏盐城人,硕士研究生,从事水生动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail:531103788@qq.com

收稿日期: 2014-11-30

  网络出版日期: 2015-05-13

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(41476125);宁波市海洋蟹类产业科技创新团队项目(2011B81003)

Effects of Dietary Vitamin E Level on Growth Performance, Serum Non-Specific Immune and Anti-Oxidant Indices of Juvenile Swimming Crab (Portunus tribueculatus)

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  • Laboratory of Fish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China

Received date: 2014-11-30

  Online published: 2015-05-13

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料中维生素E水平对三疣梭子蟹幼蟹生长性能、血清非特异性免疫及抗氧化指标的影响。以初始体重为(5.94±0.17) g的三疣梭子蟹幼蟹为研究对象,配制6种维生素E水平分别为8.9、19.6、27.0、39.7、77.6和156.9 mg/kg的等能等氮的试验饲料,进行为期8周的养殖试验。每种试验饲料投喂60只幼蟹,每20只幼蟹作为1个重复。结果显示:当饲料中维生素E水平从8.9 mg/kg增加39.7 mg/kg时,增重率和特定生长率显著升高(P<0.05);当饲料中维生素E水平从39.7 mg/kg增加到156.9 mg/kg时,增重率和特定生长率反而出现降低的趋势(P>0.05)。饲料中维生素E水平对幼蟹的饲料系数、成活率和蜕壳率均没有显著影响(P>0.05)。饲料中维生素E水平对三疣梭子蟹全蟹粗蛋白质、水分和粗灰分含量以及血清中总蛋白、甘油三酯和葡萄糖含量均没有显著影响(P>0.05),但对全蟹粗脂肪含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。随着饲料中维生素E水平的增加,血清溶菌酶和碱性磷酸酶活性先升高后降低,当维生素E水平为39.7 mg/kg时,血清溶菌酶和碱性磷酸酶活性最高。饲料中维生素E水平对幼蟹血清中超氧化物歧化酶活性没有显著影响(P>0.05)。血清中丙二醛含量随着饲料中维生素E水平的增加逐渐降低,当饲料中维生素E水平增加到156.9 mg/kg时,血清中丙二醛含量最低,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。以特定生长率为评价指标,通过折线模型分析得出三疣梭子蟹幼蟹维生素E的适宜需求量为39.0 mg/kg(饲料干重)。

本文引用格式

李弋, 张稳, 金敏, 霍雅文, 邱红, 侯迎梅, 周歧存 . 饲料中维生素E水平对三疣梭子蟹幼蟹生长性能、血清非特异性免疫及抗氧化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(5) : 1431 -1439 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.05.013

Abstract

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin E level on growth performance, serum non-specific immune anti-oxidant indices of juvenile swimming crab (Portunus tribueculatus). Juvenile swimming crab with an average body weight about of (5.94±0.17) g were used as test object. Six iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic diets were formulated to contain 8.9, 19.6, 27.0, 39.7, 77.6 and 156.9 mg/kg vitamin E, respectively. Each experimental diet fed 60 crab, and per 20 crab as a replicate. Results showed that weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were significantly increased with dietary vitamin E level increasing from 8.9 to 39.7 mg/kg (P<0.05); however, WGR and SGR showed a decrease trend when dietary vitamin E level exceeded 39.7 mg/kg (P>0.05). Dietary vitamin E level had no significant effects on the feed conversion ratio, survival rate and molting rate of juvenile crab among all groups (P>0.05). Crude protein, moisture and ash contents in whole body and total protein, triglyceride and glucose contents in serum were not significantly affected by dietary vitamin E level (P>0.05), while crude lipid content in whole body was significantly influenced by dietary vitamin E level (P<0.05). Lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase activities in serum were firstly increased and then decreased with dietary vitamin E level increasing, and the highest activities of lysozyme and alkaline phosphatase activities in serum were found when dietary vitamin E level was 39.7 mg/kg. Dietary vitamin E level had no significant effect on serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P>0.05), however, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content was gradually decreased with dietary vitamin E level increasing, and crabs fed the diet containing 156.9 mg/kg vitamin E had the lowest serum MDA content which significantly lower than that in 8.9 mg/kg group (P<0.05). Based on broken-line regression analysis of the SGR, the optimal vitamin E requirement is estimated to be 39.0 mg/kg (dry weight of diet) for juvenile swimming crab.

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