研究简报 Short Communications

不同真菌发酵对油菜秸秆养分含量、酶活性及体外发酵有机物降解率的影响

  • 龚剑明 ,
  • 赵向辉 ,
  • 周珊 ,
  • 傅传鞭 ,
  • 刘婵娟 ,
  • 瞿明仁
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  • 江西农业大学动物科技学院, 江西省动物营养重点实验室/营养饲料开发工程研究中心, 南昌 330045

收稿日期: 2015-01-28

  网络出版日期: 2015-07-07

基金资助

公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303143,20150133);国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-38);赣鄱555领军人才培养计划

Effects of Different Fungi Fermentations on Nutrient Contents, Enzyme Activities and in Vitro Fermentation Organic Matter Degradation Rate of Rape Straw

  • GONG Jianming ,
  • ZHAO Xianghui ,
  • ZHOU Shan ,
  • FU Chuanbian ,
  • LIU Chanjuan ,
  • QU Mingren
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  • Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China

Received date: 2015-01-28

  Online published: 2015-07-07

摘要

为提高油菜秸秆的利用率,筛选出油菜秸秆发酵适宜菌种,本试验利用黄孢原毛平革菌(P.chrysosporium)、香菇菌(L.edodes)、虫拟蜡菌(C.subvermispora)、槭射脉革菌(P.acerina)4种真菌接种油菜秸秆,以不加真菌的油菜秸秆为对照,进行50 d固态发酵。测定养分含量、养分降解率、锰过氧化物酶和羧甲基纤维素酶活性、体外发酵有机物降解率(IVOMD)和有机物酶解率。结果显示:1)不同真菌发酵油菜秸秆,显著改变了常规养分含量(P<0.05),L.edodesC.subvermisporaP.chrysosporium发酵显著提高了粗蛋白质含量(P<0.05);2)所有真菌发酵的油菜秸秆中有益成分几丁质含量得到显著提高(P<0.05);3)发酵油菜秸秆干物质、有机物、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤木质素降解率表现为L.edodes组>P.chrysosporium组>P.acerina组和C.subvermispora组,差异显著(P<0.05);4)发酵油菜秸秆锰过氧化物酶活性表现为L.edodes组>P.chrysosporium组>P.acerina组和C.subvermispora组,差异显著(P<0.05),P.acerina组羧甲基纤维素酶的活性显著低于其他试验组(P<0.05);5)与对照组相比,L.edodesP.chrysosporium发酵使IVOMD显著增加(P<0.05),P.acerina发酵使IVOMD和有机物酶解率显著降低(P<0.05)。结果提示,L.edodesP.chrysosporium发酵油菜秸秆能够降解纤维物质,改善IVOMD,但同时导致了有机物的浪费。

本文引用格式

龚剑明 , 赵向辉 , 周珊 , 傅传鞭 , 刘婵娟 , 瞿明仁 . 不同真菌发酵对油菜秸秆养分含量、酶活性及体外发酵有机物降解率的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(7) : 2309 -2316 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.07.039

Abstract

To improve the utilization of rape straw and screen appropriate strains for fermentation of rape straw, solid state fermentation by four fungus (P.chrysosporium, L.edodes, C.subvermispora and P.acerina) and single fermentation without fungus (control) of rape straw were carried out for 50 days. Nutrient contents, nutrient degradation rates, manganese peroxidase and carboxymethyl cellulase activities, in vitro fermentation organic matter degradation rate (IVOMD) and enzymatic organic matter degradation rate were determined. The results showed as follows: 1) different fungi fermentations significantly changed nutrient contents of rape straw (P<0.05), the fermentation of L.edodesC.subvermisporaP.chrysosporium significantly increased crude protein content (P<0.05); 2) the content of chitin, a beneficial ingredient, was improved in rape straw incubated with four strains of fungus; 3) the degradation rates of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin showed L.edodes group>P.chrysosporium group>P.acerina group and C.subvermispora group, and the differences were significant (P<0.05); 4) manganese peroxidase activity showed L.edodes group>P.chrysosporium group>P.acerina group and C.subvermispora group, and the differences were significant (P<0.05); carboxymethyl cellulase activity in P.acerina group was significantly lower than the other experimental groups (P<0.05); 5) compared with control group, the fermentation of L.edodes and P.chrysosporium significantly increased IVOMD (P<0.05), and that of P.acerina significantly decreased enzymatic organic matter degradation rate (P<0.05). In summary, the fermentation of rape straw by L.edodes and P.chrysosporium can degrade fibrous matter, and improve IVOMD, however, meanwhile, results in waste of organic matter.

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