动物营养学报 >

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 9: 2724 - 2735

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.09.010

反刍动物营养 Ruminant Nutrition

蛋白质水平对湖羊双胞胎公羔生长发育及肉品质的影响

  • 王波 ,
  • 柴建民 ,
  • 王海超 ,
  • 祁敏丽 ,
  • 张乃锋 ,
  • 刁其玉
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  • 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100081

收稿日期: 2015-03-26

  网络出版日期: 2015-09-12

基金资助

农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项"南方地区幼龄草食畜禽饲养技术研究"(201303143);国家肉羊产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-39)

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Effects of Protein Levels on Growth Development and Meat Quality of Male Hu Twin Lamb

  • WANG Bo ,
  • CHAI Jianmin ,
  • WANG Haichao ,
  • QI Minli ,
  • ZHANG Naifeng ,
  • DIAO Qiyu
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  • Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institution, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2015-03-26

  Online published: 2015-09-12

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摘要

本试验旨在研究不同蛋白质水平对早期断奶湖羊双胞胎公羊生长性能、屠宰性能、器官发育及肉品质的影响。试验选取16对新生湖羊双胞胎公羔,采用配对试验设计,分为正常蛋白质水平(NP)组、低蛋白质水平(LP)组,1对双胎羔羊分别分至2个组中。15日龄进行早期断母乳,之后NP组饲喂蛋白质水平为25%的代乳粉及21%的开食料,LP组饲喂等能低蛋白质水平(19%)的代乳粉及开食料(15%),饲喂至60日龄。61~90日龄所有羔羊均饲喂正常蛋白质水平(21%)的开食料。分别在60及90日龄随机选取4对每组4只羔羊进行屠宰。结果表明:1)60及90日龄,LP组的体重均显著低于NP组(P<0.05),各阶段干物质采食量差异不显著(P>0.05),15~60日龄,LP组的饲料转化率显著高于NP组(P<0.05),而61~90日龄LP组则显著低于NP组(P<0.05);2)60及90日龄,LP组的宰前活重、空体重、胴体重、GR值均显著低于NP组(P<0.05),但是2组间屠宰率差异不显著(P>0.05);3)60日龄,LP组肝脏和脾脏重量显著低于NP组(P<0.05),其余内脏器官重量差异不显著(P>0.05),90日龄时,只有肝脏、肺脏重量显著低于NP组(P<0.05);4)60日龄时,LP组的瘤胃、小肠和大肠重量均显著小于NP组(P<0.05),皱胃的重量及其占复胃总重比例均显著的低于NP组(P<0.05),90日龄时,LP组的瘤胃、网胃、小肠和大肠重量均显著低于NP组(P<0.05);5)60日龄时,LP组滴水损失显著高于NP组(P<0.05),熟肉率及系水力显著低于NP组(P<0.05),90日龄,LP组滴水损失及系水力分别显著高于和低于NP组(P<0.05)。由此可见,低蛋白质饲粮限制了早期断奶湖羊羔羊生长性能、屠宰性能,阻碍了内脏器官的发育,延缓了胃肠消化系统的完善,肉品质受到影响,经过饲喂30 d的正常蛋白质水平开食料,羔羊的生长发育状况达不到正常羔羊水平。

关键词： 湖羊羔羊; 双胞胎; 蛋白质水平; 生长发育; 肉品质

本文引用格式

王波 , 柴建民 , 王海超 , 祁敏丽 , 张乃锋 , 刁其玉 . 蛋白质水平对湖羊双胞胎公羔生长发育及肉品质的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(9) : 2724 -2735 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.09.010

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of protein levels on growth performance, slaughter performance, organ development and meat quality of male Hu twin lamb. Sixteen pairs of male Hu twin lambs weaned on 15 days of age after birth were selected and randomly allotted to two groups [normal protein level (NP) group and low protein level (LP) group] using paired experimental design, and one pair of twin lambs were allotted to one of the two groups. After weaned, NP group was fed milk replacer and starter with protein levels of 25% and 21%, respectively, and LP group was fed those with 19% and 15%, respectively. Milk replacer and starter in different groups had equal energy level. Lambs were slaughtered on 60 and 90 days of age, respectively. The results showed as follows: 1) body weight of LP group was significantly lower than that in NP group on 60 and 90 days of age (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found in feed intake at different stages (P>0.05). Feed conversion ratio in LP group was significant higher than that in NP group at 15 to 60 days of age (P<0.05), but was lower than that of NP group at 61 to 90 days of age (P<0.05). 2) Live body weight before slaughter, empty body weight, carcass weight and GR value were significant higher in NP group than those in LP group (P<0.05), while no significant difference was found in dressing percentage at 60 and 90 days of age (P>0.05). 3) Liver and spleen weight in LP group was significant lower than that in NP group at 60 days of age (P<0.05), but no significant differences were observed in other internal organ indices (P>0.05). Only liver and lung weight in LP group was significant lower than that in NP group at 90 days of age (P<0.05). 4) At 60 days of age, the weight of rumen, small and large intestine in LP group was significantly lower than that in LP group (P<0.05), and abomasum weight and its percentage of total complex stomach weight were significantly lower compared with those in LP group (P<0.05); however, the weight of rumen, reticulum, small intestine and large intestine were lower than that in NP group at 90 days of age (P<0.05). 5) Drip loss, cooking rate and water holding in LP group were significantly worse than those in NP group at 60 days of age (P<0.05), however, drip loss and water holding in LP group were significantly lower than those in NP group at 90 days of age (P<0.05). In conclusion, protein deficiency of pre-weaned Hu twin lamb depresses the growth and slaughter performance, hindered the development of organs, postponed the mature of gastrointestinal tract system and meat quality. The growth and development of lamb cannot rehabilitate to the state of well-balanced lamb after 30 days of feeding normal protein level starter.

Key words： Hu lamb; twin; protein level; growth and development; meat quality

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