水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

鸡肉粉或猪肉粉部分替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、饲料利用及血清生化指标的影响

  • 邱红 ,
  • 李弋 ,
  • 侯迎梅 ,
  • 周歧存
展开
  • 宁波大学海洋学院, 鱼类营养研究室, 宁波 315211

收稿日期: 2015-04-04

  网络出版日期: 2015-09-12

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(31272670,41476125);国家公益性(农业)行业专项(201003020);宁波市农业攻关项目(2011C10006);浙江省高校重中之重(一级)学科建设项目

Effect of Partial Replacement of Fish Meal by Poultry By-Product Meal or Pork Meat Powder on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

  • QIU Hong ,
  • LI Yi ,
  • HOU Yingmei ,
  • ZHOU Qicun
Expand
  • Laboratory of Fish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China

Received date: 2015-04-04

  Online published: 2015-09-12

摘要

为探讨鸡肉粉或猪肉粉部分替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、饲料利用及血清生化指标的影响,进行了为期8周的生长试验。试验设计了7种等氮等脂的饲料(粗蛋白质含量40.0%、粗脂肪含量8.0%),其中以含30%红鱼粉的饲料为对照,鸡肉粉或猪肉粉替代鱼粉的比例分别为25%(分别标记为P25和M25)、50%(分别标记为P50和M50)、75%(分别标记为P75和M75)。以初始体重为3.40 g左右的凡纳滨对虾840尾,随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾。结果表明:与对照组相比,P25组和P50组的增重率和特定生长率无显著差异(P>0.05),P75组的增重率和特定生长率则显著降低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,M25组的增重率和特定生长率无显著差异(P>0.05),M50组和M75组的增重率和特定生长率则显著降低(P<0.05)。鸡肉粉或猪肉粉替代不同比例的鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾的成活率、饲料效率、蛋白质效率和肝体比均无显著影响(P>0.05)。凡纳滨对虾全虾水分、粗灰分和粗蛋白质含量各组间无显著差异(P>0.05);对照组全虾粗脂肪含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。鸡肉粉或猪肉粉替代不同比例的鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾血清高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇、总蛋白、葡萄糖、甘油三酯和白蛋白含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。由此得出,以增重率为指标,凡纳滨对虾饲料中鸡肉粉和猪肉粉对鱼粉的替代比例分别以不超过50%和25%(即饲料中鸡肉粉和猪肉粉的添加量分别不超过16.12%和8.09%)为宜,且凡纳滨对虾对鸡肉粉的利用率高于猪肉粉。

本文引用格式

邱红 , 李弋 , 侯迎梅 , 周歧存 . 鸡肉粉或猪肉粉部分替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、饲料利用及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(9) : 2784 -2792 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.09.016

Abstract

An 8-week feeding trail was conducted to evaluate the effects of partial replacement of fish meal by poultry by-product meal (PBM) or pork meat powder (PMP) on growth performance, feed utilization and serum biochemical indexes of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Seven isonitrogenous and isolipidic practical diets (40.0% crude protein and 8.0% crude lipid) were formulated, and the diet contained 30% brown fish meal was used as control diet. PBM and PMP were used to replace 25% (named P25 and M25, respectively), 50% (named P50 and M50, respectively) and 75% brown fish meal (named P75 and M75, respectively), respectively. A total of 840 Pacific white shrimp with an average initial body weight about 3.40 g were randomly allocated to 7 groups with 3 replicates per group and 40 shrimp per replicate. The results showed as follows: compared with control group, the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific gain rete (SGR) in P25 and P50 groups had no significant differences (P>0.05), but those in P75 group were significantly decreased (P<0.05); compared with control group, the WGR and SGR in M25 group had no significant differences (P>0.05), but those in M50 and M75 groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05). However, no significant differences in survival ratio (SR), feed efficiency (FE), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and hepatopancreas somatic index (HSI) were observed among all groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the contents of whole body moisture, crude protein and ash among all groups (P>0.05), but the whole body crude lipid content in control group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the contents of serum high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), total protein (TP); total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), total protein (TP), glucose (GLU) and albumin (ALB) were not significantly affected by the PBM or PMP to substitute different proportion of fish meal (P>0.05). These results demonstrate that less than 50% fish meal can be replaced by PBM and less than 25% fish meal can be replaced by PMP in the Pacific white shrimp diet (i.e., the PBM and PMP add no more than 16.12% and 8.09%, respectively), and the utilization ratio of PBM for Pacific white shrimp is better than PMP.

参考文献

[1] 吕景旭,韩伟东.鸡肉粉的饲用营养价值[J].中国饲料,1995(13):25-26.

[2] 韩陆奇.鸡肉粉的开发利用[J].肉品卫生,1995(12):30.

[3] YANG Q H,ZHOU X Q,ZHOU Q C,et al.Apparent digestibility of selected feed ingredients for white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei,Boone[J].Aquaculture Research,2009,41(1):78-86.  

[4] HERNÁNDEZ C,OLVERA-NOVOA M,AGUILAR-VEJAR K,et al.Partial replacement of fish meal by porcine meat meal in practical diets for Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)[J].Aquaculture,2008,277(3/4):244-250.

[5] CRUZ-SUÁREZ L E,NIETO-LÓPEZ M,GUAJARDO-BARBOSA C,et al.Replacement of fish meal with poultry by-product meal in practical diets for Litopenaeus vannamei,and digestibility of the tested ingredients and diets[J].Aquaculture,2007,272(1/2/3/4):466-476.

[6] FUERTES J B,CELADA J D,CARRAL J M,et al.Replacement of fish meal with poultry by-product meal in practical diets for juvenile crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus Dana,Astacidae) from the onset of exogenous feeding[J].Aquaculture,2013,404-405:22-27.

[7] YANG Y,XIE S Q,LEI W,et al.Effect of replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal and poultry by-product meal in diets on the growth and immune response of Macrobrachium nipponense[J].Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2004,17(2):105-114.  

[8] 王计刚,潘庆,曹俊明,等.β-1,3-葡聚糖对凡纳滨对虾生长性能的影响[J].现代渔业信息,2008,23(6):3-5.

[9] 杨奇慧,周歧存.凡纳滨对虾营养需要研究进展[J].饲料研究,2005(6):50-53.

[10] 农业部渔业局.中国渔业统计年鉴2013[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2013:30-31.

[11] 黄文文,郑昌区,霍雅文,等.凡纳滨对虾不同生长阶段的蛋白质需要量[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(9):2675-2686.

[12] AOAC.Official methods of analysis of AOAC[M].16th ed.,Arlington,VA:Association of Analytical Chemist,Inc.,1995.

[13] ZHU W,MAI K S,ZHANG B G,et al.A study on the meat and bone meal and poultry by-product meal as protein substitutes of fish meal in practical diets for Litopenaeus vannamei juveniles[J].Journal of Ocean University of China,2004,3(2):157-160.  

[14] 王文娟,迟淑艳,谭北平,等.凡纳滨对虾对13种动物性饲料原料营养物质表观消化率的研究[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(12):2402-2414.

[15] WILLIAMS K C,ALLAN G L,SMITH D M,et al.Fishmeal replacement in aquaculture diets using rendered protein meals[C]//BANK G.Fisheries research and development.Sydney:Australian Renderers' Association,1997:13-26.

[16] ZHU W,MAI K S,ZHANG A G,et al.A study on the meat and bone meal or poultry by-product meal as protein substitutes of fish meal in concentrated diets for Paralichthys olivaceus[J].Journal of Ocean University of China,2006,5(1):63-66.  

[17] DAVIS D A,ARNOLD C R,MCCALLUM I.Nutritional value of feed peas (Pisum sativum) in practical diet formulations for Litopenaeus vannamei[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2002,8(2):87-94.  

[18] TAN B,MAI K S,ZHOU Q C,et al.Replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal in practical diets for the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamai (Boone)[J].Aquaculture Research,2005,36(5):439-444.  

[19] BUREAU D P,HARRIS A M,BEVAN D J,et al.Feather meals and meat and bone meals from different origins as protein sources in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) diets[J].Aquaculture,2000,181(3/4):281-291.

[20] ROBAINA L,IZQUIERDO M S,MOYANO F J,et al.Soybean and lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata):nutritional and histological implications[J].Aquaculture,1995,130(2/3):219-233.

[21] 刘尧.复合动植物蛋白源替代凡纳滨对虾饲料中鱼粉的研究[D].硕士学位论文,青岛:中国海洋大学,2013:28-34.

[22] 吴志华,潘庆,何芬.替代蛋白源在赤眼鳟配合饲料中应用的初步研究[J].内陆水产,2005(3):36-37.

[23] AI Q H,MAI K S,TAN B P,et al.Replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal in diets for large yellow croaker,Pseudosciaena crocea[J].Aquaculture,2006,260(1/2/3/4):255-263.
文章导航

/