甜菜碱对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数的影响

田雨; 杨榛; 韩兆玉

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.11.027

动物营养学报 >

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 11: 3541 - 3548

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.11.027

研究简报 Short Communications

甜菜碱对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数的影响

田雨 ,
杨榛 ,
韩兆玉

展开

1. 南京卫岗乳业有限公司, 南京 210014;
2. 南京农业大学动物科技学院, 南京 210095

收稿日期: 2015-06-03

网络出版日期: 2015-11-21

基金资助

江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2014301);江苏省农业三新工程项目(SXGC[2014]207)

收起

Effects of Betaine on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation Parameters of Cows

TIAN Yu ,
YANG Zhen ,
HAN Zhaoyu

Expand

1. Nanjing Weigang Dairy Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210014, China;
2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Received date: 2015-06-03

Online published: 2015-11-21

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在通过体外产气法研究甜菜碱对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数的影响。试验分为3组,对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组,分别添加0、1.2、3.6 mg甜菜碱于45 mL瘤胃发酵液和300 mg奶牛全混合日粮中进行发酵,于3、6、12、18和24 h读取产气量,并测定6、12、和24 h的pH,干物质降解率,氨氮、挥发性脂肪酸、乳酸和菌体蛋白含量。结果表明:1)在各时间点试验组的产气量均高于对照组,其中试验Ⅱ组在3和6 h显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)随着发酵时间延续,发酵液的pH逐渐减小,且在6 h试验Ⅱ组显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验组的干物质降解率和菌体蛋白含量均高于对照组,其中在6 h达到显著水平(P<0.05);试验组在12 h氨氮含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),试验Ⅱ组24 h显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)试验组发酵液中的挥发性脂肪酸含量较对照组有增加趋势;在6 h,试验Ⅱ组的丁酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在12 h,试验组的异丁酸含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),异戊酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),戊酸含量显著或极显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),乙酸/丙酸极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结果提示,添加1.2和3.6 mg的甜菜碱可以降低瘤胃体外发酵pH,提高产气量,干物质降解率,氨氮、菌体蛋白、挥发性脂肪酸含量,并呈现剂量依赖性。

关键词： 奶牛; 甜菜碱; 瘤胃液; 体外发酵

本文引用格式

田雨 , 杨榛 , 韩兆玉 . 甜菜碱对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(11) : 3541 -3548 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.11.027

Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of betaine on in vitro rumen fermentation parameters of cows. The test was divided into 3 groups. Betaine was added at levels of 0, 1.2 and 3.6 mg in 45 mL rumen fluid with 300 mg total mixed ration for cows in control group, test group Ⅰ and test group Ⅱ, respectively. Gas production (GP) was recorded respectively at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h. The parameters of pH, dry matter degradation rate (DMD), and the contents of ammonia nitrogen, volatile fatty acid (VFA), lactic acid and bacteria protein were determined at 6, 12 and 24 h, respectively. The results showed as follows:1) GP at different time points in test groups was higher than that in control group, and at 3 and 6 h, the differences between test group Ⅱ and control group were significant (P<0.05). 2) With the increase of fermentation time, rumen fluid pH was slightly decreased, and test group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in control group at 6 h (P<0.05); DMD and bacteria protein content in test groups were higher than those in control group, and the differences at 6 h were significant (P<0.05); the content of ammonia nitrogen in test groups at 12 h was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), and test group Ⅱ at 24 h was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). 3) All VFA contents tended to be increased as rumen fermentation continue; at 6 h, the content of butyric acid in test group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05); at 12 h, compared with control group, the content of isobutyric acid in test groups was significantly increased (P<0.01), the content of isovaleric acid was significantly increased (P<0.05), the content of valeric acid was significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and acetic acid/propionic acid was significantly increased (P<0.01). It is suggested that the supplementation of 1.2 and 3.6 mg betaine can decrease pH, and improve gas production, DMD, and the contents ammonia nitrogen, bacteria protein and VFA of in vitro rumen fermentation, and the effects have dose dependent.

Key words： cows; betaine; rumen fluid; in vitro fermentation

参考文献

[1] 潘晓花, 付聪, 庞学燕, 等.甜菜碱在反刍动物生产中的应用[J].中国饲料, 2012(15):8-11.
[2] 许梓荣, 余东游.甜菜碱对断奶仔猪消化机能的影响[J].中国兽医学报, 2000, 20(2):201-204.
[3] 郭建凤, 武英, 呼红梅.甜菜碱对育肥猪生长性能及胴体的肉质影响[J].家畜生态学报, 2007, 28(2):21-24.
[4] 王俊东, 李俊平, 张建峰, 等.不同时期添加甜菜碱对肉鸡生产性能和脂肪代谢的影响[J].中国兽医学报, 2004, 24(1):87-91.
[5] 张阳军.水产饲料复合诱食素的开发应用[J].粮食与饲料工业, 2001(6):25-26.
[6] 刘强, 吴疆, 王聪, 等.甜菜碱对奶牛采食量、泌乳性能和血液指标的影响[J].饲料工业, 2010, 31(S2):78-81.
[7] 吴克妹, 王军, 孙龙曙, 等.过瘤胃甜菜碱对隐性乳房炎奶牛生产性能的影响[J].中国奶牛, 2012(3):50-52.
[8] 张丽, 韩兆玉.甜菜碱对夏季热应激奶牛产奶性能和HSP70及其mRNA表达的影响[J].南京农业大学学报, 2013, 36(6):89-94.
[9] 连红, 张丽, 周国波, 等.复合包膜甜菜碱对夏季奶牛产奶性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].福建农林大学学报:自然科学版, 2012, 41(5):523-528.
[10] NRC.Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle[S].7th ed.Washington, D.C.:National Research Council, 2001.
[11] MENKE K H, STEINGASS H.Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen fluid[J].Animal Research Development, 1988, 28(1):7-55.
[12] 冯宗慈, 高民.通过比色测定瘤胃液氨氮含量方法的改进[J].内蒙古畜牧科学, 2010, 37(6-7):37.
[13] 胡伟莲.皂甙对瘤胃发酵与甲烷产量及动物生产性能影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.杭州:浙江大学, 2005.
[14] BARKER S B, SUMMERSON W H.The colorimetric determination of lactic acid in biological material[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1941, 138(2):535-554.
[15] MAKKAR H P S, SHARMA O P, DAWRA R K, et al.Simple determination of microbial protein in rumen liquor[J].Journal of Dairy Science, 1982, 65(11):2170-2173.

[16] LOWRY O H, ROSEBROUGH N J, FARR A L, et al.Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent[J].The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1951, 193:265-275.
[17] 赵广永, 李凤学, 杨雅芳, 等.玉米油对秸秆瘤胃降解率与肉牛日粮消化率的影响[J].中国农业大学学报, 2000, 5(3):102-105.
[18] SAUVANT D, BAUMONT R, FAVERDIN P.Development of a mechanistic model of intake and chewing activities of sheep[J].Journal of Animal Science, 1996, 74:2785-2802.
[19] 李满全, 高民, 云伏雨, 等.日粮不同SC:NSC比例对体外发酵参数的影响[J].饲料工业, 2011, 32(1):35-37.
[20] MITCHELL A D, CHAPPOLL A, KNOX K L.Metabolism of betaine in the ruminant[J].Journal of Animal Science, 1979, 49:764-774.
[21] PHILLIPSON A T, MCANALLY R A.Studies on the fate of carbohydrates in the rumen of the sheep[J].Journal of Experimental Biology, 1942, 19:199-214.

Options

文章导航

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献

关于本刊

在线期刊

作者中心

相关单位

联系我们

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献

关于本刊

在线期刊

作者中心

相关单位

联系我们