三疣梭子蟹幼蟹的维生素C需要量

侯迎梅; 金敏; 张稳; 霍雅文; 周歧存

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.12.016

动物营养学报 >

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 12: 3772 - 3781

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.12.016

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

三疣梭子蟹幼蟹的维生素C需要量

侯迎梅 ,
金敏 ,
张稳 ,
霍雅文 ,
周歧存

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宁波大学海洋学院鱼类营养研究室, 宁波 315211

收稿日期: 2015-05-08

网络出版日期: 2015-12-14

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(41476125);宁波市海洋蟹类创新团队(2011B81003)

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Dietary Vitamin C Requirement of Juvenile Swimming Crab(Portunus trituberculatus)

HOU Yingmei ,
JI Min ,
ZHANG Wen ,
HUO Yawen ,
ZHOU Qicun

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Laboratory of Fish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China

Received date: 2015-05-08

Online published: 2015-12-14

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摘要

本试验通过研究饲料中维生素C含量对三疣梭子蟹幼蟹生长、抗氧化性能以及非特异性免疫的影响,旨在确定三疣梭子蟹幼蟹的维生素C需要量。试验配制维生素C含量分别为1.91、18.89、36.76、78.42、156.49和315.97 mg/kg的6种等能等氮的试验饲料,以初始体重为(5.65±0.25) g的三疣梭子蟹幼蟹为试验对象,饲养于室外水泥池的长方形塑料筐中,进行为期8周的养殖试验。每种试验饲料投喂60只幼蟹,每20只幼蟹作为1个重复。结果显示:当饲料中维生素C含量从1.91 mg/kg增加到36.76 mg/kg时,增重率和特定生长率显著上升(P<0.05);当维生素C含量为从156.49 mg/kg增加到315.97 mg/kg时,增重率和特定生长率显著降低(P<0.05)。1.91 mg/kg组的存活率显著低于其他各组(P<0.05)。1.91 mg/kg组的饲料系数显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),以饲料中维生素C含量为78.42 mg/kg时饲料系数最低。饲料中维生素C含量对三疣梭子蟹幼蟹的蜕壳率及全蟹粗蛋白质、水分和粗灰分含量均没有产生显著影响(P>0.05),随着饲料中维生素C含量的增加,全蟹粗脂肪含量基本上呈升高的趋势,315.97 mg/kg组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。血清中总蛋白、葡萄糖含量不受饲料中维生素C含量的显著影响(P>0.05)。1.91 mg/kg组血清中总胆固醇含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。36.76 mg/kg组血清中甘油三酯含量最高,显著高于156.49 mg/kg组(P<0.05)。血清中谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性变化趋势一致,均以36.76 mg/kg组最高,并显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);同时,1.91、18.89、78.42 mg/kg组血清谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性显著高于156.49、315.97 mg/kg组(P<0.05)。血清谷丙转氨酶/谷草转氨酶以36.76 mg/kg组最低,显著低于78.42和315.97 mg/kg组(P<0.05)。饲料中维生素C含量对三疣梭子蟹幼蟹血清中溶菌酶活性没有显著影响(P>0.05)。血清中碱性磷酸酶活性随着饲料中维生素C含量的增加而升高,315.97 mg/kg组显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。随着饲料中维生素C含量从1.91 mg/kg增加到78.42 mg/kg,血清中超氧化物歧化酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),而随着饲料中维生素C含量的进一步增加,血清中超氧化物歧化酶活性无显著变化(P>0.05)。1.91 mg/kg组血清中丙二醛含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。以特定生长率为评价指标,通过折线模型分析得出三疣梭子蟹幼蟹对维生素C的需要量为42.60 mg/kg(饲料干重)。

关键词： 维生素C; 三疣梭子蟹; 生长; 抗氧化性能; 非特异性免疫

本文引用格式

侯迎梅 , 金敏 , 张稳 , 霍雅文 , 周歧存 . 三疣梭子蟹幼蟹的维生素C需要量[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(12) : 3772 -3781 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.12.016

Abstract

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin C content on growth, anti-oxidant ability and non-specific immune of juvenile swimming crab(Portunus trituberculatus), in order to determine the dietary vitamin C requirement of juvenile swimming crab. Six iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic diets were formulated to contain 1.91, 18.89, 36.76, 78.42, 156.49 and 315.97 mg/kg vitamin C in diets, respectively. Juvenile swimming crabs with an initial body weight of(5.65±0.25) g were selected as experimental animals and all of them were cultured in rectangle plastic baskets in out-door cement. Each of experimental diet was fed 60 juvenile swimming crabs, and each 20 of them as a replicate. Results showed that the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly increased when dietary vitamin C content increased from 1.91 to 36.76 mg/kg(P<0.05). However, the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly decreased when dietary vitamin C content increased from 156.49 to 315.97 mg/kg(P<0.05). Moreover, The survival rate in 1.91 mg/kg group was significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05). The feed conservation rate in 1.91 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05), and crabs fed the diet contained 78.42 mg/kg vitamin C had the lowest feed conservation rate. Molting rate, and crude protein, moisture and ash contents in whole-body were not significantly influenced by dietary vitamin C content(P>0.05). With the dietary vitamin C content increasing, the crude lipid content in whole-body showed an increased trend, and that in 315.97 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05). Total protein and glucose contents in serum were not significantly affected by dietary vitamin C content(P>0.05). Serum total cholesterol content in 1.91 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05). Crabs fed the diet contained 36.76 mg/kg vitamin C had the highest serum triglyceride content, and significantly higher than that in 156.49 mg/kg group(P<0.05). Serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities had the same change trend, the highest values of them all found in 36.76 mg/kg group, and significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05). Meanwhile, the serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in 1.91, 18.89 and 78.42 mg/kg groups were significantly higher than those in 156.49 and 315.97 mg/kg groups(P<0.05). Serum alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase in 36.76 mg/kg group was the lowest, and significantly lower than that in 78.42 and 315.97 mg/kg groups(P<0.05). Lysozyme activity in serum was not significantly affected by dietary vitamin C content(P>0.05). Alkaline phosphatase activity in serum was increased with the increase of dietary vitamin C content and it in 315.97 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05). Superoxide dismutase activity in serum was significantly increased with dietary vitamin C content increased from 1.91 to 78.42 mg/kg, however, further increased the dietary vitamin C content, the difference was not significant(P>0.05). Serum malondialdehyde content in 1.91 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05). Base on broken-line model analysis of the SGR as an evaluation index, the vitamin C requirement of juvenile swimming crab is 42.60 mg/kg dry matter of diet.

Key words： vitamin C; swimming crab(Portunus tribueculatus); growth; anti-oxidant ability; non-specific immune

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