饲料中添加表面活性素对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、血清生化指标及脂肪代谢的影响

翟少伟; 李剑; 孙秀文

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.12.038

动物营养学报 >

2015 , Vol. 27 >Issue 12: 3959 - 3967

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.12.038

研究简报 Short Communications

饲料中添加表面活性素对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、血清生化指标及脂肪代谢的影响

翟少伟 ,
李剑 ,
孙秀文

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集美大学水产学院, 厦门 361021

收稿日期: 2015-06-04

网络出版日期: 2015-12-14

基金资助

科技部国际科技合作与交流专项"海洋生物表面活性素应用于水产动物饲料的研究"(2014DFT30150)

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Effects of Surfactin Supplementation on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes and Lipid Metabolism of Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)

ZHAI Shaowei ,
LI Jian ,
SUN Xiuwen

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Fisheries College of Jimei Univeristy, Xiamen 361021, China

Received date: 2015-06-04

Online published: 2015-12-14

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加表面活性素对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、血清生化指标及脂肪代谢的影响。将240尾吉富罗非鱼[平均体重为(12.0±0.1) g],随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复15尾鱼,分别投喂表面活性素添加水平为0(对照组)、50、100和200 mg/kg的试验饲料7周。结果表明:饲料中添加表面活性素显著提高吉富罗非鱼的终末体重、增重率和特定生长率(P<0.05),且上述指标50 mg/kg添加组显著高于200 mg/kg添加组(P<0.05),同时显著降低饲料系数(P<0.05),但对摄食率和存活率无显著影响(P>0.05)。饲料中添加表面活性素显著提高肠道脂肪酶(50 mg/kg添加组除外)活性(P<0.05),对淀粉酶和蛋白酶活性无显著影响(P>0.05)。饲料中添加表面活性素后血清尿素氮水平降低,但仅50 mg/kg添加组与对照组有显著差异(P<0.05);各添加组血清白蛋白和游离脂肪酸水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),总胆固醇(200 mg/kg添加组除外)、甘油三酯水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05);各组间血清酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05);各添加组血清溶菌酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中以50 mg/kg添加组活性最高。饲料中添加表面活性素显著提高肝胰脏脂肪酸合成酶水平(P<0.05),对肝胰脏乙酰辅酶A羧化酶水平无显著影响(P>0.05);各添加组肝胰脏肝脂酶和脂蛋白脂酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但各添加组之间2种酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,饲料中添加表面活性素可提高吉富罗非鱼肠道脂肪酶活性、改善血清生化指标、调节脂肪代谢酶水平或活性,进而促进其生长。本试验条件下,建议吉富罗非鱼饲料中表面活性素添加水平为50 mg/kg。

关键词： 表面活性素; 吉富罗非鱼; 生长性能; 脂肪代谢

本文引用格式

翟少伟 , 李剑 , 孙秀文 . 饲料中添加表面活性素对吉富罗非鱼生长性能、血清生化指标及脂肪代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2015 , 27(12) : 3959 -3967 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2015.12.038

Abstract

A 7-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of surfactin supplementation on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes and lipid metabolism of genetically improved farmed tilapia(GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). Two hundred and forty GIFT with the average body weight of(12.0±0.1) g were randomly divided into four groups with four replicates in each group and 15 fish in each replicate. The fish of four groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0(control group), 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg surfactin, respectively. Results showed as follows:the final body weight, weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly increased by surfactin supplementation(P<0.05), and final body weight, weight gain rate and specific growth rate of 50 mg/kg supplementation group were significantly higher than those of 200 mg/kg supplementation group(P<0.05); the feed conversion ratio was significantly decreased by surfactin supplementation(P<0.05). Feeding rate and survival rate of all groups were similar(P>0.05). The lipase activity(except the 50 mg/kg supplementation group) in intestinal tract was significantly increased by surfactin supplementation(P<0.05), but the activities of amylase and protease were not significantly different among all groups(P>0.05). The serum urea nitrogen level was decreased by surfactin supplementation, and the significant difference was found between 50 mg/kg supplementation group and control group(P<0.05). The levels of serum albnmin and free fatty acid of supplementation groups were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05). The levels of serum total cholesterol(except the 200 mg/kg supplementation group) and triglyceride of supplementation groups were significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05). The activities of serum acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were not significantly different among all groups(P>0.05). The serum lysozyme activity of surfactin supplementation groups were significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05), and the lysozyme activity of 50 mg/kg supplementation group was the highest among all groups. Compared with control group, the fatty acid synthetase level in hepatopancreas of supplementation groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05), while the acetyl CoA carboxylase level in hepatopancreas was not affected by surfactin supplementation(P>0.05). The activities of hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase in hepatopancreas were significantly increased by surfactin supplementation(P<0.05), but no significant differences of those two enzymes were found among all supplementation groups(P>0.05). In conclusion, the recommended dietary surfactin supplementation level is 50 mg/kg, which can increase the intestinal lipase activity, improve the serum biochemical indexes and regulate the enzyme levels/activities of lipid metabolism, and then improve the growth of GIFT under present experimental condition.

Key words： surfactin; genetically improved farmed tilapia; growth performance; lipid metabolism

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