本试验旨在研究饲粮营养水平对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、肉品质和性成熟的影响。采用单因子完全随机设计,将432只1日龄商品代北京油鸡随机分配到高、中和低3种营养水平组,每组4个重复,每个重复36只鸡,自由采食、饮水。饲粮按中速黄羽肉鸡的饲养标准分为3个阶段(1~5周、6~9周和10~13周),每个阶段在保持蛋白质与能量比值不变的情况下分别设置高、中和低3种营养水平。结果表明,1~5周,低营养水平组肉鸡的平均日采食量和平均日增重极显著低于中、高营养水平组(P<0.01);中营养水平组的平均日增重显著高于低营养水平组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于低营养水平组(P<0.05)。饲粮营养水平对肉品质未表现出显著影响(P>0.05)。高营养水平组母鸡鸡冠重和鸡冠长度极显著高于中、低营养水平组(P<0.01),鸡冠高度显著高于中、低营养水平组(P<0.05),高营养水平组有促进卵巢重的趋势(P=0.08)。饲粮营养水平对公鸡性成熟指标未表现出显著影响(P>0.05)。由此可见,对于中速型黄羽肉鸡,中营养水平的饲粮能获得较好的生长性能,高营养水平的饲粮能促进母鸡性成熟。
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary nutrient level on growth performance, meat quality and sexual maturity of yellow-feathered chickens. Using the completely randomized design, a total of 432 one-day-old Beijing-You chicks were allocated to three nutrient level groups [high (H), middle (M) and low (L) nutrient levels]. For each group, there were 4 replicates of 36 birds each. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. According to the feeding standard of medium-speed yellow-feathered chickens, three growth stages (1 to 5 weeks, 6 to 9 weeks and 10 to 13 weeks) were set up. The three diets had the same ratio of crude protein (CP) to energy at the H, M and L nutrient levels .The results showed that at 1 to 5 weeks, the average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily gain (ADG) in L nutrient level group were significantly lower than those in M and H nutrient level groups (P<0.01); the ADG in M nutrient level group was significantly higher than that in L nutrient level group (P<0.05), and the feed to gain was significantly lower than that in L nutrient level group (P<0.05). Dietary nutrient levels had no significant effect on meat quality (P>0.05). The comb weight and comb length in H nutrient level group were significantly higher than those in M and L nutrient level groups (P<0.01), and the comb height was significantly higher than that in M and L nutrient level groups (P<0.05). H nutrient level group had a tendency to increase the ovary weight (P=0.08). Dietary nutrient levels had no significant effect on sexual maturity of the cocks (P>0.05). It is concluded that the M nutrient level can get the better growth performance for medium-speed yellow-feathered chickens. The H level can promote the sexual maturity of the hens.
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