乳鸽早期消化特性研究

张晓昀, 董信阳, 卜星晨, 齐明星, 苗丽萍, 周旻瑶, 邹晓庭

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.03.010

动物营养学报 >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 3: 704 - 711

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.03.010

禽营养 Poultry Nutrition

乳鸽早期消化特性研究

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浙江大学饲料科学研究所, 农业部动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室, 杭州 310058

张晓昀(1989-),女,河北张家口人,博士研究生,从事家禽营养研究。E-mail:xiaoyun-zhang@zju.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2015-09-22

网络出版日期: 2016-03-14

基金资助

浙江省公益性行业科研专项(2014C32056);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(518000-X91502)

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Study on Digestion Capacity of Posthatch Pigeon Squabs

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Key laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Agriculture, Feed Science Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

Received date: 2015-09-22

Online published: 2016-03-14

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摘要

试验通过研究2~10日龄乳鸽体重、消化器官重量、血清蛋白质代谢、胰腺和小肠黏膜消化酶活性等指标的变化规律,揭示乳鸽消化道早期发育特性。选取出壳后2、4、6、8、10日龄白卡奴乳鸽30羽(每个日龄6羽),屠宰取样。结果表明:1)日龄对乳鸽早期体重(含卵黄重)、腺胃、肌胃、肝脏、胰腺、小肠的器官重量和器官指数;血清总蛋白、白蛋白、尿酸、尿素氮含量;胰腺淀粉酶、脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶总活性,脂肪酶比活性,小肠黏膜二糖酶(蔗糖酶和麦芽糖酶)及碱性磷酸酶总活性和比活性均影响显著(P<0.05)。其中,发育模式随日龄变化表现为线性增加的指标包括:肝脏、胰腺、小肠的器官指数(P<0.01);体重,肌胃、腺胃、胰腺、肝脏、小肠的器官重量(P<0.01);血清总蛋白和白蛋白含量(P<0.01);胰腺淀粉酶、脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶总活性,胰腺脂肪酶比活性(P<0.05);小肠黏膜二糖酶(麦芽糖酶和蔗糖酶)和碱性磷酸酶总活性和比活性(P<0.01)。血清尿酸、尿素氮含量,胰蛋白酶比活性发育规律表现为线性下降(P<0.05)。腺胃和肌胃的器官指数表现为先上升后下降(P<0.05)。2)肠段对乳鸽小肠黏膜麦芽糖酶和蔗糖酶总活性影响显著(P<0.05)。3)日龄与肠段的交互作用对麦芽糖酶总活性、蔗糖酶总活性和蔗糖酶比活性影响显著(P<0.05)。结果提示,随着日龄变化,乳鸽机体蛋白质代谢能力不断增强,沉积水平不断提高,消化系统发育迅速,生长速度高于机体生长,自身胰腺和小肠黏膜水解酶活性不断增强,10日龄时,机体发育水平显著提高。因此,2~10日龄阶段是乳鸽出壳后消化生理机能趋于完善的重要阶段。

关键词： 乳鸽; 蛋白质代谢; 消化酶活性; 消化道发育

本文引用格式

张晓昀, 董信阳, 卜星晨, 齐明星, 苗丽萍, 周旻瑶, 邹晓庭 . 乳鸽早期消化特性研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(3) : 704 -711 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.03.010

Abstract

The objectives of the experiment were to investigate the changes of body weight (BW), digestive organ weight, serum protein metabolism indices, digestive enzymes activity of pancreas and intestine mucosa, and to determine the developmental pattern of digestive tract in domestic pigeons (Columbia livia). Thirty squabs (White Carneau) were euthanized by cervical dislocation for samples collection at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days posthatch (six squabs each day). The results showed as follows: 1) day of age had significant effect on postnatal BW (yolk involved), organ weight of proventriculus, gizzard, liver, pancreas, intestine, and contents of total protein, albumin, urea acid, usea nitiogen in serum, and activity of pancreatic amylase, lipase, trypsin, specific activity of lipase, and activity and specific activity of intestinal disaccharidase (maltase and sucrase) as well as phosphatase, respectively (P<0.05). In specific, the increased indicators with age included the relative weight of liver, pancreas, intestine together with the absolute weight of BW, proventriculus, gizzard, pancreas, liver, intestine (P<0.01), and contents of total protein, albumin in serum (P<0.01), and the activities of pancreatic amylase, lipase, trypsin followed with the specific activity of lipase (P<0.05), and activity and specific activity of intestinal disaccharidase (maltase and sucrase) as well as phosphatase (P<0.01). Contents of urea acid, urea nitrogen in serum and specific activity of trypsin declined linearly with day of age (P<0.05). Whereas the relative weight of proventriculus and gizzard went up, then dropped (P<0.05). 2) Segment had significant effect on activity of maltase and sucrose of squabs (P<0.05). 3) Interaction between day of age and segment had significant effect on activity of maltase and sucrose and specific activity of sucrose (P<0.05). It is concluded that the developmental capacity of protein metabolism, digestive system, pancreatic and intestinal enzyme activity elevated significantly improved with days of age. Hence, it is a vital stage of 2 to 10 days of age posthatch to promote the digestion capacity for squabs.

Key words： squab; protein metabolism; digestive enzyme; gastrointestinal tract development

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