反刍动物营养 Ruminant Nutrition

山羊羔羊回肠细菌群落定植与消化功能的发育性变化

展开
  • 1. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术中心, 农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站, 长沙 410125;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
李小鹏(1990-),男,山东潍坊人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料学研究。E-mail:lixiaopeng123lover@163.com

收稿日期: 2015-09-25

  网络出版日期: 2016-03-14

基金资助

中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05020700);国家自然科学基金项目(31320103917)

Developmental Changes in Bacterial Colonization and Digestive Function in Ileum of Lambs

Expand
  • 1. Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
    2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received date: 2015-09-25

  Online published: 2016-03-14

摘要

本试验旨在研究山羊羔羊回肠细菌群落定植与消化功能的发育性变化。选用44只湘东黑山羊羔羊,随机选择4只在1、7、14日龄(非反刍阶段),28、42(过渡阶段)和56、70日龄(反刍阶段)屠宰取样。采集回肠食糜测定乙酸含量,淀粉酶、纤维素酶和木聚糖酶活性,总细菌数量和部分功能性细菌(普雷氏菌属、甲烷菌、纤维降解菌和淀粉降解菌)占总细菌百分比。结果表明:14日龄开始在回肠食糜中检出乙酸,日龄增长显著提高了其含量(P<0.05),56~70日龄增长最快;日龄增长显著或极显著提高了纤维素酶和木聚糖酶活性(P<0.05或P<0.01);日龄增长极显著提高了总细菌数量和甲烷菌(最早检出在7日龄)、普雷氏杆菌和栖瘤胃普雷氏菌占总细菌百分比(P<0.01);纤维降解菌(琥珀酸丝状杆菌和黄色瘤胃球菌)和淀粉降解菌(嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌)均在28日龄开始检出。综合得出,山羊羔羊回肠纤维降解消化能力是在28日龄建立之后逐渐完善的,7日龄即可检出大量甲烷菌定植,之后逐渐趋于稳定。

本文引用格式

李小鹏, 焦金真, 颜琼娴, 谭支良 . 山羊羔羊回肠细菌群落定植与消化功能的发育性变化[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(3) : 731 -738 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.03.013

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the developmental changes in bacterial colonization and digestive function in ileum of lambs. Forty four Xiangdong black lambs were used in this trial, and 4 of them were randomly slaughtered at 1, 7 and 14 days of age (nonrumination period), 28 and 42 days of age (transition period), and 56 and 70 days of age (rumination period), respectively. The ileal chymus was sampled to determine acetate content, activities of amylase, cellulase and xylanase, as well as general bacteria number and selected functional bacterial species (Prevotella, methanogen, and cellulolytic and amylolytic bacteria). The results showed as follows: acetate could be detected in ileal chymus of lambs since at 25 days of age, and the content was significantly increased with increasing days of age (P<0.05); the increase of days of age significantly increased the activities of cellulase and xylanase (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the increase of days of age significantly increased general bacterial number and the percentages of Prevotella, Prevotella ruminocula and methanogen (firstly detected at 7 days of age) in general bacterial (P<0.01); cellulolytic (Fibrobacter succinogenes and Ruminococcus flavefaciens) and amylolytic bacteria (Ruminobacter amylophilu) were firstly detected at 28 days of age. In conclusion, the fiber-degrading capacity in ileum of lambs is established at 28 days of age and then gradually achieved; a great number of methanogen can be detected at 7 days of age, and then the number gets stable.

参考文献

[1] 刘敏雄.反刍动物消化生理学[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1991:12.

[2] 冯仰廉.反刍动物营养学[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.

[3] KRAUSE D O,NAGARAJA T G,WRIGHT A D G,et al.Board-invited review:rumen microbiology:leading the way in microbial ecology[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(1):331-341.  

[4] REY M,ENJALBERT F,MONTEILS V.Establishment of ruminal enzyme activities and fermentation capacity in dairy calves from birth through weaning[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2012,95(3):1500-1512.  

[5] HUNGATE R E.The rumen and its microbes[M].New York:Academic Press,1966.

[6] HE Z X,WU D Q,SUN Z H,et al.Protein or energy restriction during late gestation alters fetal growth and visceral organ mass:an evidence of intrauterine programming in goats[J].Animal Reproduction Science,2013,137(3/4):177-182.

[7] MAO S Y,HUO W J,ZHU W Y.Use of pyrosequencing to characterize the microbiota in the ileum of goats fed with increasing proportion of dietary grain[J].Current Microbiology,2013,67(3):341-350.  

[8] GARCÍA-GONZÁLEZ R,LÓPEZ S,FERNÁNDEZ M,et al.Screening the activity of plants and spices for decreasing ruminal methane production in vitro[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,147(1/2/3):36-52.

[9] 焦金真,王芃芃,汤少勋,等.浏阳黑山羊胃肠道不同部位重要功能微生物的数量分布特征研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2013,44(10):1590-1599.

[10] HOOK S E,NORTHWOOD K S,WRIGHT A D G,et al.Long-term monensin supplementation does not significantly affect the quantity or diversity of methanogens in the rumen of the lactating dairy cow[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2009,75(2):374-380.  

[11] DENMAN S E,MCSWEENEY C S.Development of a real-time PCR assay for monitoring anaerobic fungal and cellulolytic bacterial populations within the rumen[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2006,58(3):572-582.  

[12] STEVENSON D M,WEIMER P J.Dominance of Prevotella and low abundance of classical ruminal bacterial species in the bovine rumen revealed by relative quantification real-time PCR[J].Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2007,75(1):165-174.  

[13] ZHOU M,HERNANDEZ-SANABRIA E,GUAN L L.Assessment of the microbial ecology of ruminal methanogens in cattle with different feed efficiencies[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2009,75(20):6524-6533.  

[14] TAN Z L,LU D X,HU M,et al.Effect of dietary structural to nonstructural carbohydrate ratio on rumen degradability and digestibility of fiber fractions of wheat straw in sheep[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2002,15(11):1591-1598.  

[15] TAN Z L,LU D X,HU M,et al.Effects of dietary nitrogen sources on fiber digestion and ruminal fluid characteristics in sheep fed wheat straw[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2001,14(10):1374-1382.  

[16] CUMMINGS J H.Short chain fatty acids in the human colon[J].Gut,1981,22(9):763-779.  

[17] JIAO J Z,WANG P P,HE Z X,et al.In vitro evaluation on neutral detergent fiber and cellulose digestion by post-ruminal microorganisms in goats[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2014,94(9):1745-1752.  

[18] 张英杰,刘月琴,孙洪新,等.羔羊小肠pH及主要消化酶发育规律的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2005,36(2):149-152.

[19] MÄNDAR R,MIKELSAAR M.Transmission of mother's microflora to the newborn at birth[J].Biology of the Neonate,1996,69(1):30-35.  

[20] HUNT K M,FOSTER J A,FORNEY L J,et al.Characterization of the diversity and temporal stability of bacterial communities in human milk[J].PLoS One,2011,6(6):e21313.

[21] ØRSKOV E R,BENZIE D,KAY R N B.The effects of feeding procedure on closure of the oesophageal groove in young sheep[J].British Journal of Nutrition,1970,24(3):785-795.  

[22] FAUBLADIER C,JULLIAND V,DANEL J,et al.Bacterial carbohydrate-degrading capacity in foal faeces:changes from birth to pre-weaning and the impact of maternal supplementation with fermented feed products[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2013,110(6):1040-1052.  
文章导航

/