动物营养学报 >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 3: 747 - 758

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.03.015

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

大口黑鲈对饲料中丁基羟基茴香醚的耐受性评价

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  • 1. 大连海洋大学水产与生命学院, 大连 116023;
    2. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 国家水产饲料安全评价基地, 北京 100081
于利莉(1990-),女,江苏盐城人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水产动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:yulili060590@163.com

收稿日期: 2015-09-15

  网络出版日期: 2016-03-14

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(31101907,31372539,31572631);公益性行业(农业)专项经费项目(201203015);北京市现代农业产业技术体系(SCGWZJ 20161103-1);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2014CB138600)

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Tolerance Evaluation of Butyl-Hydroxyanisole in Diets of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

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  • 1. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;
    2. National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Station, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2015-09-15

  Online published: 2016-03-14

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摘要

本试验旨在通过生长性能、血浆生化指标、组织抗氧化指标及肝脏、肠道组织学变化,评价大口黑鲈对饲料中丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)的耐受性。以初始体重为(6.20±0.01) g的大口黑鲈为靶动物,在基础饲料中依次添加0(D0组,作为对照组)、150(D150组)、300(D300组)和1 500 mg/kg(D1500组)的BHA,其中300和1 500 mg/kg分别是最高推荐剂量(150 mg/kg)的2和10倍,进行为期10周的饲喂试验。每组6个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。结果表明:4组中以D150组的生长性能最好,其余各组的终末均重、特定生长率、增重率和摄食量无显著差异(P>0.05)。各组肥满度、脏体比和肝体比无显著差异(P>0.05)。对照组血浆中总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量及碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于其余各组(P<0.05)。D150和D300组血浆中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇/总胆固醇显著高于对照和D1500组(P<0.05)。D1500组血浆中谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05),与D150、D300组无显著差异(P>0.05)。D150和D300组肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05),与D1500组无显著差异(P>0.05)。饲料中添加1 500 mg/kg BHA可以显著提高肝脏中总抗氧化能力(P<0.05);饲料中添加150、300、1 500 mg/kg BHA均显著降低了血浆、心脏和肝脏中丙二醛的含量(P<0.05)。对照、D150和D1500组大口黑鲈的肝脏、肠道都有不同程度的损伤,但D150和D1500组的损伤相对较少。上述结果表明,饲料中添加150 mg/kg BHA对大口黑鲈具有一定的脂肪代谢促进作用和抗氧化保护功能,且对大口黑鲈是安全的,安全系数为10倍。

关键词： 大口黑鲈; 丁基羟基茴香醚; 耐受性; 生长; 血液指标; 抗氧化; 组织学

本文引用格式

于利莉, 薛敏, 王嘉, 韩芳, 郑银桦, 吴秀峰, 吴立新 . 大口黑鲈对饲料中丁基羟基茴香醚的耐受性评价[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(3) : 747 -758 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.03.015

Abstract

A 10-week growth trail was conducted to evaluate the tolerance of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) on butyl-hydroxyanisole (BHA) based on the changes of growth performance, plasma biochemical indexes, tissue antioxidant indexes and histology of liver and intestine. Four experimental diets were prepared with BHA supplemental levels at 0 (D0 group, as control group), 150 (D150 group), 300 (D300 group) and 1 500 mg/kg (D1500 group), in which 150 mg/kg was designed as the maximum recommended level, otherwise the 300 and 1 500 mg/kg were 2 and 10 fold levels of the maximum recommended level, respectively.The largemouth bass were chosen as the target animal, and each diet was fed to 6 replicates with 30 largemouth bass with the initial body weight of (6.20±0.01) g. The results showed as follows: fish in D150 group showed the best growth performance, and no significant differences in final average body weight, weight gain rate, special gain rate and feed intake were observed among other groups (P>0.05). The condition factor, hepatosomatic index and viscerasomatic index in all groups had no significant differences (P>0.05). Plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) contents and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity in control group were significantly higher than those in other groups (P<0.05). Plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)/TC in D150 and D300 groups was significantly higher than that in control and D1500 groups (P<0.05). Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in D1500 group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05), but had no significant differences with those in D150 and D300 groups (P<0.05). Liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in D150 and D300 groups was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05), but had no significant difference with that in D1500 group (P<0.05). Supplementation of 1 500 mg/kg BHA could significantly enhance the liver total anti-oxidant ability (T-AOC) (P<0.05), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in plasma, heart and liver were significantly decreased in each BHA supplemental groups (P<0.05). Different degrees of liver and intestinal histological damage were observed in control, D150 and D1500 groups, but fish fed diets with 150 and 1 500 mg/kg BHA relieved the symptom. The results show that the supplementation of 150 mg/kg BHA can enhance the fat metabolism and antioxidant protection of largemouth bass, and a 10 fold of safety margin is obtained in the present study.

Key words： largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides); butyl hydroxyanisole; tolerance; growth; blood indexes; antioxidant; histology

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