品种和营养水平对猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉质的影响

李登赴, 万津, 徐兵, 陈代文, 余冰, 何军

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.03.029

动物营养学报 >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 3: 872 - 880

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.03.029

研究简报 Short Communications

品种和营养水平对猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉质的影响

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1. 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室, 成都 611130;
2. 贵阳市畜牧站, 贵阳 550081

李登赴(1979-),男,贵州六盘水人,硕士研究生,从事猪的营养研究。E-mail:ldf_1979@163.com

收稿日期: 2015-10-09

网络出版日期: 2016-03-14

基金资助

四川省农业科技成果转化项目(2013NC0053);贵阳市创新人才计划([2012HK]209-39)

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Effects of Breed and Nutrient Level on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of Pigs

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1. Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, China;
2. Guiyang Animal Husbandry Station, Guiyang 550081, China

Received date: 2015-10-09

Online published: 2016-03-14

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摘要

本试验旨在研究品种和营养水平对猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉质的影响。选择12对初始体重为(61.16±4.13) kg的高坡猪和"杜×长×太"三元杂交猪(DLT),随机分成4个处理,饲喂不同营养水平[NRC(2012)、中国猪饲养标准(2004)]的全价饲粮,试验猪平均体重达90 kg时屠宰。结果表明:DLT的眼肌面积显著高于高坡猪(P<0.05),而肌内脂肪含量、平均背膘厚、肉色的亮度(L^*)_{24 h}和黄度(b^*)_{24 h}显著低于高坡猪(P<0.05);饲喂高营养水平的饲粮可以显著降低猪的料重比(P<0.05);饲粮营养水平升高显著提高了高坡猪的平均日增重、平均日采食量、胴体长和肉色的红度(a^*)_{24 h}(P<0.05),显著降低了肉色的_{24 h}L^*、滴水损失以及背最长肌固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c和激素敏感性脂肪酶mRNA的相对表达量(P<0.05);饲粮营养水平升高显著降低了DLT肉色的a_{45 min}^*和a_{24 h}^*(P<0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,品种和营养水平对猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉质有显著影响;DLT胴体性状优于高坡猪,肉质反之。饲粮营养水平升高显著提高了DLT胴体性状和高坡猪的肉质,对生长性能有一定的改善。

关键词： 品种; 营养水平; 生长性能; 胴体性状; 肉质

本文引用格式

李登赴, 万津, 徐兵, 陈代文, 余冰, 何军 . 品种和营养水平对猪生长性能、胴体性状和肉质的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(3) : 872 -880 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.03.029

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of breed and nutrient level on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of pigs. Twelve pairs of Gaopo pigs and "Duroc×Landrace×Taihu" crossbred pigs (DLT) with an initial body weight of (61.16±4.13) kg were randomly assigned to receive National Research Council (2012) diet or Chinese Feeding Standard of Swine (2004) diet and slaughtered at an average weight of 90 kg. The results showed as follows: the loin-eye area of DLT was significantly higher than that of Gaopo pigs (P<0.05), while the intramuscular fat content, average back fat thickness and meat color L_{24 h}^* and b_{24 h}^* of DLT were significantly lower than that of Gaopo pigs (P<0.05). The feed to gain of pigs was significantly decreased when fed with high nutrient level diet (P<0.05). Intake of high nutrient level diet not only increased average daily gain, average daily feed intake, carcass length and meat color a_{24 h}^* (P<0.05), but also decreased meat color L_{24 h}^*, drip loss and the relative mRNA expression of sterol-regulatory element binding protein-1c and hormone-sensitive triglayceride lipase of Gaopo pigs (P<0.05). Intake of high nutrient level diet significantly decreased meat color a_{45 min}^* and a_{24 h}^* of DLT (P<0.05). The results indicate that growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of pigs are influenced by breed and nutrient level; carcass traits of DLT is better than Gaopo pigs, while meat quality of DLT is poorer than Gaopo pigs. Intake of high nutrient level diet can improve carcass traits of DLT, meat quality of Gaopo pigs and the growth performances of pigs.

Key words： breed; nutrient level; growth performance; carcass traits; meat quality

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