不同水平柚叶饲粮对生长肉兔血清生化指标、消化和免疫功能的影响

田刚; 谢文梅; 余冰; 陈航; 蔡景义; 张凯; 刘汉中

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.06.021

动物营养学报 >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 6: 1789 - 1795

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.06.021

研究简报 Short Communications

不同水平柚叶饲粮对生长肉兔血清生化指标、消化和免疫功能的影响

田刚 ,
谢文梅 ,
余冰 ,
陈航 ,
蔡景义 ,
张凯 ,
刘汉中

展开

1. 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室, 成都 611130;
2. 四川省草原科学研究院草食家畜研究所, 成都 611333

收稿日期: 2015-12-29

网络出版日期: 2016-06-27

基金资助

四川省科技支撑项目(2012NZ0005,2016NZ0002);四川农业大学"双支计划"项目

收起

Effects of Diets Containing Different Levels of Pummelo Leaves on Serum Biochemical Indices, Digestion and Immune Functions of Growing Rabbits

TIAN Gang ,
XIE Wenmei ,
YU Bing ,
CHEN Hang ,
CAI Jingyi ,
ZHANG Kai ,
LIU Hanzhong

Expand

1. Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
2. Institute of Grass-Feeding Livestock, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu 611333, China

Received date: 2015-12-29

Online published: 2016-06-27

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究不同水平柚叶饲粮对生长肉兔生理机能的影响,进一步评估柚叶作为家兔饲料原料的可行性。选取120只遗传背景相同、健康的35日龄法国伊拉商品兔,适应7 d后,按体重[(1 179.25±53.74) g]相近原则随机分为4组,每组10个重复,每个重复(笼)3只。对照组饲喂不含柚叶的基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂含6%(Ⅰ组)、12%(Ⅱ组)和18%(Ⅲ组)柚叶的试验饲粮,4种饲粮的能、氮和纤维含量基本相等。试验期28 d。结果发现:1)除Ⅲ组血清球蛋白含量显著高于对照组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组血清球蛋白含量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)以及Ⅲ组白球比显著低于Ⅱ组(P<0.05)外,其余血清生化指标各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)饲粮中添加柚叶对生长肉兔消化器官发育指标无显著影响(P>0.05)。除试验组后期丙酸比例及Ⅲ组中期盲肠内容物pH和氨态氮浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)以及Ⅱ组中期pH显著高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05)外,其余盲肠发酵参数各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)除Ⅲ组血清免疫球蛋白A水平显著低于对照组和Ⅰ组(P<0.05)以及Ⅰ组血清免疫球蛋白A水平显著高于对照组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05)外,其余免疫指标各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此得出,生长肉兔自由采食含6%~18%柚叶的饲粮4周,不明显负面影响血清生化指标、消化及免疫功能,进一步提示柚叶可作为家兔的饲料原料使用。

关键词： 生长肉兔; 柚叶; 血清生化指标; 消化功能; 免疫功能

本文引用格式

田刚 , 谢文梅 , 余冰 , 陈航 , 蔡景义 , 张凯 , 刘汉中 . 不同水平柚叶饲粮对生长肉兔血清生化指标、消化和免疫功能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(6) : 1789 -1795 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.06.021

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of diets containing different levels of pummelo leaves on physiological function of growing rabbits, and to evaluate the feasibility of pummelo leaves used as rabbit feed ingredient. One hundred and twenty healthy and 35-day-old French IRA rabbits had same genetic background were used in this study. After adaptation period (7 d), these rabbits were randomly divided into four groups based on similar body weight [(1 179.25±53.74) g], ten replicates in each group and three rabbits in each replicate. Growing rabbits in four groups were fed different diets that had similar nitrogen, energy and fiber and the levels of pummelo leaves in the diets were 0 (control group), 6% (group Ⅰ), 12% (group Ⅱ) and 18% (group Ⅲ), respectively. The experimental period lasted for 28 d. The results showed as follow: 1) serum globulin content of growing rabbits in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in control group and group Ⅱ (P<0.05), serum globulin content in group II was significantly lower than that in groupⅠ (P<0.05), and serum albumin/globulin in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in groupⅡ (P<0.05), while the other serum biochemical indices did not have significant differences among four groups (P>0.05). 2) No significant differences were detected among four groups in the development indices of digestive organs of growing rabbits (P>0.05). The propionic acid ratio of caecal contents in experimental groups was significantly higher than that in control group in the later stage (P<0.05), the pH and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration of caecal contents in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than those in control group in the mid-term (P<0.05), and the pH of caecal contents in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅲ in the mid-term (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in other caecal fermentation parameters among four groups (P>0.05). 3) Serum immunoglobulin A level of growing rabbits in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in control group and group Ⅰ (P<0.05), and serum immunoglobulin A level in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in control group and group Ⅱ (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in other immune indices among four groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, growing rabbits are fed diets containing a certain amount of pummelo leaves for 4 weeks and there are no obvious adverse effects on serum biochemical indices, digestive and immune functions of them, pummelo leaves can be used as raw material in rabbit diets.

Key words： growing rabbits; pummelo leaves; serum biochemical indices; digestive function; immune function

参考文献

[1] 沈兆敏.我国柑橘业在世界柑橘业中的优势和差距[J].果农之友,2015(7):3-5.
[2] 佚名.叶儿粑热销:柚叶也成香饽饽[N].重庆日报,2014-10-18(06).
[3] KARABULUT A,CANBOLAT O,OZKAN C O,et al.Determination of nutritive value of citrus tree leaves for sheep using in vitro gas production technique[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2007,20(4):529-535.

[4] 陈辉,黄仁录,邸科前,等.类黄酮化合物在动物营养中的研究进展[J].饲料工业,2006,27(6):9-11.
[5] SEO H J,JEONG K S,LEE M K,et al.Role of naringin supplement in regulation of lipid and ethanol metabolism in rats[J].Life Sciences,2003,73(7):933-946.

[6] AHAMEFULE F O,EDUOK G O,USMAN A,et al.Blood biochemistry and haematology of weaner rabbits fed sundried,ensiled and fermented cassava peel based diets[J].Pakistan Journal of Nutrition,2006,5(3):248-253.

[7] 陈继红.苜蓿草粉对肉兔生产性能、消化生理及肉品质的影响[D].硕士学位论文.郑州:河南农业大学,2007.
[8] DE BLAS C,WISEMAN J.Nutrition of the rabbit[M].2nd ed.Wallingford:CABI,2010.
[9] DAVIES R R,DAVIES J A E R.Rabbit gastrointestinal physiology[J].Veterinary Clinics of North America:Exotic Animal Practice,2003,6(1):139-153.

[10] CHAO H Y,LI F C.Effect of level of fibre on performance and digestion traits in growing rabbits[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,144(3/4):279-291.
[11] OSO O A,SOBAYO R,JEGEDE V,et al.Effect of dietary inclusion of sorghum milling waste on growth response,nutrient utilisation,gut characteristics and cecal microflora of weaner rabbits[J].Animal Science Journal,2011,82(3):468-474.

[12] VOLEK Z,MAROUNEK M.Dried chicory root (Cichorium intybus L.) as a natural fructan source in rabbit diet:effects on growth performance,digestion and caecal and carcass traits[J].World Rabbit Science,2011,19(3):143-150.
[13] GARCÍA J,GIDENNE T,FALCAO-E-CUNHA L,et al.Identification of the main factors that influence caecal fermentation traits in growing rabbits[J].Animal Research,2002,51(2):165-173.

[14] PRASAD R,MISRA A K,SANKHYAN S K,et al.Growth performance and caecal fermentation in growing rabbits fed on diets containing graded levels of mulberry (Morus alba) leaves[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2003,16(9):1309-1314.

[15] 陶志勇.日粮NDF水平对生产肉兔生产性能、营养物质利用、免疫及盲肠发酵的影响[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2004.
[16] MARTÍNEZ-VALLESPÍN B,MARTÍNEZ-PAREDES E,RÓDENAS L,et al.Partial replacement of starch with acid detergent fibre and/or neutral detergent soluble fibre at two protein levels:effects on ileal apparent digestibility and caecal environment of growing rabbits[J].Livestock Science,2013,154(1/2/3):123-130.
[17] ALAGÓN G,ARCE O N,MARTÍNEZ-PAREDES E,et al.Effect of inclusion of distillers dried grains and solubles from barley,wheat and corn in isonutritive diets on the performance and caecal environment of growing rabbits[J].World Rabbit Science,2014,22(3):195-205.

[18] FORTUN-LAMOTHE L,DROUET-VIARD F.Review:Ⅱ-diet and immunity:current state of knowledge and research prospects for the rabbit[J].World Rabbit Science,2010,10(1):25-39.
[19] 曹礼华,沈赞明,江善祥.营养因素对动物免疫功能的影响[J].饲料研究,2010(8):27-31.
[20] 田刚,谢文梅,余冰,等.饲粮中不同水平柚叶对生长肉兔生长性能、饲粮养分全肠表观消化率和屠宰性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(4):1145-1151.
[21] PADILHA M T S,LICOIS D,GIDENNE T,et al.Relationships between microflora and caecal fermentation in rabbits before and after weaning[J].Reproduction Nutrition Development,1995,35(4):375-386.

[22] SPILLER G A,CHERNOFF M C,HILL R A,et al.Effect of purified cellulose,pectin,and a low-residue diet on fecal volatile fatty acids,transit time,and fecal weight in humans[J].The American Journal of Clinical Nutrtion,1980,33(4):754-759.
[23] WEATHERBURN M W.Phenol-hypochlorite reaction for determination of ammonia[J].Analytical Chemistry,1967,39(8):971-974.

[24] BENAVENTE-GARCÍA O,CASTILLO J,LORENTE J,et al.Antioxidant activity of phenolics extracted from Olea europaea L. leaves[J].Food Chemistry,2000,68(4):457-462.

[25] 蓝松.高效液相色谱法测定柚叶中柚皮苷的含量[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(33):10581.
[26] 杨颖,李生茂,周春阳,等.柚皮苷和柚皮素对高脂血症大鼠同型半胱氨酸水平的影响[J].医药导报,2013,32(8):1021-1024.
[27] CHANET A,MILENKOVIC D,DEVAL C,et al.Naringin,the major grapefruit flavonoid,specifically affects atherosclerosis development in diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in mice[J].The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,2012,23(5):469-477.

[28] 李清宏,任克良,王保军,等.美系断奶獭兔消化器官发育规律的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2009,40(4):515-521.
[29] MAERTENS L,GUERMAH H,TROCINO A.Dehydrated chicory pulp as an alternative soluble fibre source in diets for growing rabbits[J].World Rabbit Science,2014,22(2):97-104.

[30] JEKLOVA E,LEVA L,KUDLACKOVA H,et al.Functional development of immune response in rabbits[J].Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology,2007,118(3/4):221-228.
[31] 杨锐,李金良,李旭廷,等.蒲公英粗多糖对断奶至3月龄生长肉兔生长性能及免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(11):2770-2774.
[32] 唐姣玉,周东升,何理平.黄芪多糖对断奶仔兔生长性能及免疫功能的影响[J].饲料研究,2014(1):1-3,31.
[33] 刘可园,刘郝佳,刘诚刚,等.大蒜茎秆对肉兔生产性能和免疫功能的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2012,43(6):41-45.
[34] ZHU Y L,WANG C Y,WANG X P,et al.Effects of dietary fiber and starch levels on the non-specific immune response of growing rabbits[J].Livestock Science,2013,155(2/3):285-293.

Options

文章导航

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献

关于本刊

在线期刊

作者中心

相关单位

联系我们

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献

关于本刊

在线期刊

作者中心

相关单位

联系我们