The present study aimed to investigate the effects of insoluble dietary fiber from alfalfa meal on colonic microbiota and its fermentation metabolites in growing pigs. In this experiment, 24 castrated male pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire) with initial body weight of (24.8±0.7) kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 pig per replicate. Pigs in each group were fed one of four diets (0, 5%, 10% and 15% levels of alfalfa meal). Pigs were slaughtered after 28 d for sampling. Then we determined serum fatty acid composition, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration and microbiota composition in colonic digesta. The results showed that diets with alfalfa meal significantly decreased feed to gain ratio (P<0.05), but had no significant effects on average daily gain and average daily feed intake of growing pigs (P>0.05). Analysis of colonic microbiota 16S rDNA V3 region revealed that alfalfa meal had no significant effect on microbiota composition (P>0.05), but significantly increased total SCFA, acetate and butyrate concentrations in colonic digesta of pigs (P<0.05). With the addition of alfalfa meal in diets, polyunsaturated fatty acid content was significantly increased (P<0.05), while the contents of saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid were significantly decreased in the serum (P<0.05). The results indicate that insoluble dietary fiber from alfalfa meal has no effect on colonic microbiota structure, but enhances fermentation activity of colonic microbiota and SCFA producing, and also plays a role in regulating fatty acid profile of growing pigs.
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