动物营养学报 >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 9: 2802 - 2811

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.09.019

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

葡萄原花青素对感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响

  • 杨金玉 ,
  • 张海军 ,
  • 王晶 ,
  • 岳洪源 ,
  • 武书庚 ,
  • 齐广海 ,
  • 官堃 ,
  • GERRITS Gert Jan
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  • 1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室, 北京 100081;
    2. 天津帝凯维动物营养有限公司, 天津 300457

收稿日期: 2016-03-23

  网络出版日期: 2016-09-08

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（31272456）；家禽产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目（CARS-PSTP）；国家科技支撑计划（2011BAD26B04）

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Effects of Grape Procyanidins on Growth Performance and Immune Function of Broiler Chicks Challenged with Eimeria tenella

  • YANG Jinyu ,
  • ZHANG Haijun ,
  • WANG Jing ,
  • YUE Hongyuan ,
  • WU Shugeng ,
  • QI Guanghai ,
  • GUAN Kun ,
  • GERRITS Gert Jan
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. Tianjin DKVE Animal Nutrition Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300457, China

Received date: 2016-03-23

  Online published: 2016-09-08

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加葡萄原花青素（GPC）对感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响。选用350只1日龄科宝-500（Cobb-500）健康肉仔鸡（公雏），随机分为5个组，每组7个重复，每个重复10只鸡。空白对照组和负对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮基础上添加7.5、15.0和30.0 mg/kg GPC的试验饲粮。14日龄时，负对照组和3个试验组每只肉仔鸡经口腔攻毒5×104个柔嫩艾美尔球虫卵囊，空白对照组每只肉仔鸡灌服同体积的生理盐水。试验期42 d，分为前期（1～21日龄）和后期（22～42日龄）2个阶段。结果表明：1）与空白对照组相比，负对照组肉仔鸡试验各阶段的平均日增重（ADG）均显著降低（P<0.05），22～42日龄和1～42日龄时的料重比（F/G）显著增加（P<0.05）；饲粮中添加7.5和15.0 mg/kg GPC显著改善了柔嫩艾美尔球虫攻毒引起的22～42日龄和1～42日龄时ADG的降低和F/G的增加（P<0.05）；而饲粮中添加30.0 mg/kg GPC显著降低了22～42日龄时的ADG、平均日采食量（ADFI）和1～42日龄时的ADG（P<0.05）。2）与负对照组相比，饲粮中添加GPC显著降低了肉仔鸡的盲肠病变评分、血便堆数和球虫卵囊排出数（P<0.05）。3）饲粮中添加GPC显著抑制了柔嫩艾美尔球虫攻毒引起的肉仔鸡脾脏指数增加（P<0.05）；柔嫩艾美尔球虫攻毒引起T淋巴细胞转化率显著增加（P<0.05），饲粮中添加7.5和15.0 mg/kg GPC使T淋巴细胞转化率进一步增加（P>0.05）；饲粮中添加7.5和15.0 mg/kg GPC可使B淋巴细胞转化率增加（P>0.05）；柔嫩艾美尔球虫攻毒引起外周血γδ T细胞比例显著增加（P<0.05），饲粮中添加15.0 mg/kg GPC使外周血γδ T细胞比例进一步增加（P>0.05）。4）与空白对照组相比，柔嫩艾美尔球虫攻毒显著增加了回肠上皮内淋巴细胞（IEL）数量和盲肠黏膜分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）水平（P<0.05），饲粮中添加7.5和15.0 mg/kg GPC使IEL数量和sIgA水平进一步增加（P<0.05）。综上所述，饲粮中添加GPC可提高感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫肉仔鸡的免疫功能，缓解柔嫩艾美尔球虫感染造成的生长抑制，其中7.5和15.0 mg/kg GPC的抗球虫效果较好。

关键词： 葡萄原花青素; 肉仔鸡; 柔嫩艾美尔球虫; 生长性能; 免疫功能

本文引用格式

杨金玉 , 张海军 , 王晶 , 岳洪源 , 武书庚 , 齐广海 , 官堃 , GERRITS Gert Jan . 葡萄原花青素对感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(9) : 2802 -2811 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.09.019

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary grape procyanidins (GPC) on the performance and immune function of broiler chicks challenged with Eimeria tenella. A total of 350 one-day-old healthy male broiler chicks (Cobb-500) were randomly allotted into 5 groups with 7 replicates per group and 10 chicks per replicate. Chicks in blank control (BC) group and negative control (NC) group were fed the basal diet, and the others in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 7.5, 15.0 and 30.0 mg/kg GPC, respectively. At 14 days of age, chicks in NC group and 3 experimental groups were challenged with 5×104 Eimeria tenella oocysts per bird by oral, whereas chicks in BC group administered by perfusion with the same amount of saline. The experimental period lasted for 42 days containing 2 periods of early period (1 to 21 days of age) and later period (22 to 42 days of age). The results showed as follows: 1) compared with BC group, the average daily gain (ADG) of broiler chicks during all experimental stages in NC group was significantly decreased and the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) during 22 to 42 and 1 to 42 days of age was significantly increased (P<0.05). Dietary supplemented with 7.5 and 15.0 mg/kg GPC significantly inhibited the ADG decrease and F/G increase induced by Eimeria tenella challenged during 22 to 42 and 1 to 42 days of age (P<0.05). Dietary supplemented with 30.0 mg/kg GPC significantly decreased the ADG and average daily feed intake (ADFI) during 22 to 42 days of age and ADG during 1 to 42 days of age (P<0.05). 2) Compared with NC group, dietary supplemented with GPC significantly decreased cecal lesion score, bloody stool piles and the number of coccidial oocysts excretion (P<0.05). 3) Dietary supplemented with GPC significantly inhibited the increase of the spleen index of broiler chicks induced by Eimeria tenella challenged (P<0.05). T lymphocyte transformation rate (TLR) was significantly increased by Eimeria tenella challenged (P<0.05), and dietary supplemented with 7.5 and 15.0 mg/kg GPC further increased it (P>0.05). Dietary supplemented with 7.5 and 15.0 mg/kg GPC increased the B lymphocyte transformation rate (BLR) (P>0.05). The γδ T lymphocytes percentage in peripheral blood was significantly increased by Eimeria tenella challenged (P<0.05), and dietary supplemented with 15.0 mg/kg GPC further increased it (P>0.05). 4) Compared with NC group, the ileum intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) number and caecal mucosa secretory IgA (sIgA) level were significantly increased by Eimeria tenella challenged (P<0.05), and dietary supplemented with 7.5 and 15.0 mg/kg GPC further increased them (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplemented with GPC improves immune function and relieve growth inhibition of broiler chicks challenged with Eimeria tenella, and the supplementation of 7.5 and 15.0 mg/kg GPC have the better anticoccidial effect.

Key words： grape procyanidins; broiler chicks; Eimeria tenella; growth performance; immune function

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