氯化胆碱对19~42周龄蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响

刘松; 董晓芳; 佟建明; 陈焱

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.09.020

动物营养学报 >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 9: 2812 - 2822

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.09.020

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

氯化胆碱对19~42周龄蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响

刘松 ,
董晓芳 ,
佟建明 ,
陈焱

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中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193

收稿日期: 2016-03-04

网络出版日期: 2016-09-08

基金资助

中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金（2011cj-1）；国家蛋鸡产业技术体系建设专项经费（CARS-41-K16）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程（ASTIP-IAS08）

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Effects of Choline Chloride on Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens Aged from 19 to 42 Weeks

LIU Song ,
DONG Xiaofang ,
TONG Jianming ,
CHEN Yan

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Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2016-03-04

Online published: 2016-09-08

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加氯化胆碱对19～42周龄蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响。选取990只18周龄京红1号蛋鸡，随机分为6组，每组12个重复，每个重复15只鸡，分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0、1 000、2 000、4 000、8 000和16 000 mg/kg氯化胆碱的试验饲粮。试验期24周。结果显示：1）19～42周龄，2 000、4 000、8 000和16 000 mg/kg组产蛋率显著低于0 mg/kg组（P<0.05）；8 000和16 000 mg/kg组产蛋率显著低于1 000 mg/kg组（P<0.05）。16 000 mg/kg组蛋重和采食量显著低于0 mg/kg组（P<0.05），各组料蛋比无显著差异（P>0.05）。2）2 000 mg/kg组20、22周龄的蛋壳厚度显著高于0 mg/kg组（P<0.05），16 000 mg/kg组22、38周龄蛋壳强度显著低于0 mg/kg组（P<0.05）。16 000 mg/kg组26周龄蛋白高度和哈夫单位显著低于0 mg/kg组（P<0.05），8 000 mg/kg组22周龄哈夫单位显著高于0 mg/kg组（P<0.05）。20、21、22和38周龄，1 000、2 000、4 000、8 000和16 000 mg/kg组蛋黄颜色显著高于0 mg/kg组（P<0.05）。3）1 000、2 000、4 000、8 000和16 000 mg/kg组24周龄全蛋磷脂酰胆碱含量显著高于0 mg/kg组（P<0.05），16 000 mg/kg组27、38周龄全蛋磷脂酰胆碱含量显著高于0 mg/kg组（P<0.05）。16 000 mg/kg组38周龄蛋黄磷脂酰胆碱含量显著高于0 mg/kg组（P<0.05）。由此可见，饲粮添加适量氯化胆碱能提高蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度、蛋黄颜色，适宜添加量为1 000 mg/kg。而饲粮添加高于1 000 mg/kg氯化胆碱能降低产蛋率；添加高于4 000 mg/kg氯化胆碱能降低蛋重和采食量。

关键词： 蛋鸡; 氯化胆碱; 生产性能; 蛋品质

本文引用格式

刘松 , 董晓芳 , 佟建明 , 陈焱 . 氯化胆碱对19~42周龄蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(9) : 2812 -2822 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.09.020

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary choline chloride on performance and egg quality of laying hens aged from 19 to 42 weeks. Nine hundred and ninety 18-week-old Jinghong No.1 laying hens were randomly allocated into 6 groups with 12 replicates per group and 15 hens per replicate. Hens were fed the based diets supplemented with 0, 1 000, 2 000, 4 000, 8 000 and 16 000 mg/kg choline chloride for an experimental duration of 24 weeks. The results showed as follows: 1) at the age of 19 to 42 weeks, the egg production of 2 000, 4 000, 8 000 and 1 000 mg/kg groups was significantly lower than that of 0 mg/kg group (P<0.05), and the 8 000 and 16 000 mg/kg groups were significantly lower than 1 000 mg/kg group (P<0.05). The egg weight and feed intake of 16 000 mg/kg group were significantly lower than those of 0 mg/kg group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference on feed to egg among all groups (P>0.05). 2) The egg shell thickness of 2 000 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that of 0 mg/kg group at the age of 20 and 22 weeks (P<0.05); the shell strength of 16 000 mg/kg group was significantly lower than that of 0 mg/kg group at the age of 22 and 38 weeks (P<0.05); the albumen height and Haugh unit of 16 000 mg/kg group were significantly lower than those of 0 mg/kg group at the age of 26 weeks (P<0.05); the Haugh unit of 8 000 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that of 0 mg/kg group at the age of 22 weeks (P<0.05). The yolk color of 1 000, 2 000, 4 000, 8 000 and 16 000 mg/kg groups was significantly higher than that of 0 mg/kg group at the age of 20, 21, 22 and 38 weeks (P<0.05). 3) The egg phosphatidylcholine content of 1 000, 2 000, 4 000, 8 000 and 16 000 mg/kg groups was significantly higher than that of 0 mg/kg group at the age of 24 weeks (P<0.05), and the egg phosphatidylcholine content of 16 000 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that of 0 mg/kg group at the age of 27 and 38 weeks (P<0.05). The yolk phosphatidylcholine content of 16 000 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that of 0 mg/kg group at the age of 38 weeks (P<0.05). It is concluded that appropriate level of choline chloride can increase egg shell thickness, shell strength and yolk color, the optimum supplemental level of choline chloride is 1 000 mg/kg. However, the supplemental level of choline chloride exceed 1 000 mg/kg can decrease egg production, which exceed 4 000 mg/kg can decrease egg weigh and feed intake.

Key words： laying hens; choline chloride; performance; egg quality

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