The objective of this experiment was to explore the effects of dietary crude protein level on the quality of rearing queens for Apis cerana cerana. Nine colonies of Apis cerana cerana with basic similar conditions were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 colonies in each group. Pollen trap was installed at the entrance of colonies to prevent pollen entering. Bees in groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed diets containing 15%, 25% and 35% crude protein, respectively. Forty-five days later, queens were reared in each colon and the birth weight, chest width of newly emerged queens as well as the relative expression levels of vitellogenin (Vg) and transferrin (Trf) in ovary of rearing queens were tested. The results showed as follows:the birth weight of rearing queens was increased with the increase of dietary crude protein level. The birth weight of rearing queens in groups Ⅲ and Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), and the birth weight of rearing queens in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (P<0.05). The chest width of rearing queens was raised with the increase of dietary crude protein level, but no significant difference was found among the three experimental groups (P>0.05). The relative expression level of Vg in ovary in groups Ⅲ and Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P>0.05). The relative expression level of Trf in ovary was significantly different among the three experimental groups (P<0.05), the highest relative expression level was found in group Ⅲ, and the lowest relative expression level was found in group Ⅰ. In conclusion, the quality of rearing queens for Apis cerana cerana is affected by dietary crude protein level. The high-protein diets can increase the birth weight of queens and enhance the expression of Vg and Trf in ovary of rearing queens for Apis cerana cerana. The minimum dietary crude protein level of Apis cerana cerana for queen rearing is 25%.
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