动物营养学报 >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 11: 3473 - 3482

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.11.014

禽营养 Poultry Nutrition

亚油酸对5~16周龄肉鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和营养物质利用率的影响

  • 张洋洋 ,
  • 王宝维 ,
  • 葛文华 ,
  • 张名爱 ,
  • 岳斌 ,
  • 郑惠文 ,
  • 任民 ,
  • 张泽楠
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  • 青岛农业大学优质水禽研究所, 国家水禽产业技术体系营养与饲料功能研究室, 青岛 266109

收稿日期: 2016-04-15

  网络出版日期: 2016-11-18

基金资助

国家水禽产业技术体系专项基金（CARS-43-11）；山东省良种工程（12-1-3-17-nsh）

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Linoleic Acid on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Meat Quality and Nutrient Availabilities of Meat Geese Aged from 5 to 16 Weeks

  • ZHANG Yangyang ,
  • WANG Baowei ,
  • GE Wenhua ,
  • ZHANG Ming ,
  • YUE Bin ,
  • ZHENG Huiwen ,
  • REN Min ,
  • ZHANG Zenan
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  • Nutrition and Feed Laboratory of China Agriculture Research System Qingdao, Institute of High Quality Waterfowl, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China

Received date: 2016-04-15

  Online published: 2016-11-18

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摘要

本试验旨在研究亚油酸对5~16周龄肉鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和营养物质利用率的影响，以确定饲粮亚油酸的适宜水平。试验选用5周龄五龙鹅360只，随机分为6组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只（公母各占1/2）。6组（Ⅰ~Ⅵ组，Ⅰ组为对照组）饲粮中亚油酸水平分别为0.52%、0.72%、0.92%、1.12%、1.32%、1.52%。试验期12周。结果表明：1）Ⅲ、Ⅳ组体重、平均日增重显著或极显著高于对照组（P < 0.05或P < 0.01），料重比（F/G）显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。2）采用不相关比较法进行分析，饲粮中亚油酸水平为1.09%时屠宰率最高。Ⅳ、Ⅴ组胸肌率显著高于对照组（P<0.05），Ⅲ、Ⅳ组腹脂率显著或极显著低于对照组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。3）Ⅲ~Ⅵ组肌肉亮度（L*）值显著或极显著高于对照组（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）；Ⅳ组肌肉红度（a*）值极显著高于对照组（P<0.01），失水率和剪切力显著或极显著低于对照组（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）；Ⅳ~Ⅵ组pH显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。4）Ⅳ组粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和钙的利用率极显著高于对照组（P<0.01）。Ⅱ~Ⅵ组磷利用率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。Ⅲ~Ⅵ组粪便氮排泄量显著或极显著低于对照组（P < 0.05或P < 0.01），沉积氮和氮的利用率显著或极显著高于对照组（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）。由此可见，饲粮中适宜水平的亚油酸能够提高5~16周龄肉鹅的生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和营养物质利用率，并降低腹脂率。5~16周龄肉鹅饲粮中亚油酸的适宜水平为0.92%~1.12%。

关键词： 亚油酸; 鹅; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; 肌肉品质; 营养物质利用率

本文引用格式

张洋洋 , 王宝维 , 葛文华 , 张名爱 , 岳斌 , 郑惠文 , 任民 , 张泽楠 . 亚油酸对5~16周龄肉鹅生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和营养物质利用率的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(11) : 3473 -3482 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.11.014

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of linoleic acid on growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality and nutrient availability of meat geese aged from 5 to 16 weeks, and to find the appropriate dietary linoleic acid level. A total of 360 five-week-old Wulong geese were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate (half male and half female). Geese in 6 groups (groups Ⅰ to Ⅵ, group Ⅰ was the control group) were fed diets which dietary linoleic acid levels were 0.52%, 0.72%, 0.92%, 1.12%, 1.32% and 1.52%, respectively. The experiment lasted for 12 weeks. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, the body weight and average daily gain (ADG) in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) Using unrelated comparative analysis method, when the dietary linoleic acid level was 1.09%, the dressed percentage reached the highest. The percentage of breast muscle in groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), and the percentage of abdominal fat in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). 3) The lightness (L*) value in groups Ⅲ to Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The redness (a*) value in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01), while the water loss rate and the shear force were significantly lower than those in control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The pH in groups Ⅳ to Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). 4) The availability of crude protein, ether extract and calcium in group Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01). The phosphorus availability in groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The nitrogen excretion from excrement in groups Ⅲ to Ⅵ was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), while the deposit nitrogen and availability of nitrogen were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In conclusion, dietary linoleic acid at appropriate level can promote the growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality and nutrient availability, and reduce the percentage of abdominal fat of meat geese aged from 5 to 16 weeks. The optimal level of linoleic acid in diets of geese aged from 5 to 16 weeks is 0.92% to 1.12%.

Key words： linoleic acid; geese; growth performance; slaughter performance; meat quality; nutrient availability

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