高性能阻隔膜对新制蒸汽压片玉米储存过程防霉效果的研究

周涛; 李德勇; 张亚伟; 和立文; 孟庆翔; 周振明

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.11.026

动物营养学报 >

2016 , Vol. 28 >Issue 11: 3576 - 3584

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.11.026

饲料安全 Feed Security

高性能阻隔膜对新制蒸汽压片玉米储存过程防霉效果的研究

周涛 ,
李德勇 ,
张亚伟 ,
和立文 ,
孟庆翔 ,
周振明

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中国农业大学动物科技学院, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193

收稿日期: 2016-04-14

网络出版日期: 2016-11-18

基金资助

国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系（CARS-38）；北方玉米秸秆产业化处理及其养殖肉牛关键技术研究与示范（20150314）

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Anti-Mildew Effects of High Performance Barrier Films on Fresh Steam-Flake Corn during Storage

ZHOU Tao ,
LI Deyong ,
ZHANG Yawei ,
HE Liwen ,
MENG Qingxiang ,
ZHOU Zhenming

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State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2016-04-14

Online published: 2016-11-18

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摘要

本试验利用普通隔膜和高性能阻隔膜材料储存新制蒸汽压片玉米，检测不同保存时间点蒸汽压片玉米的霉变情况，探讨利用高性能阻隔膜储存新制蒸汽压片玉米的可行性。试验以不密封的普通隔膜储存新制蒸汽压片玉米为未密封普通隔膜组，以密封的普通隔膜储存新制蒸汽压片玉米为密封普通隔膜组，以密封的高性能阻隔膜储存新制蒸汽压片玉米为高阻隔膜组。将各组新制蒸汽压片玉米分别在储存0、7、14、21、28、42、56 d后取出，进行感官评价并测定其化学成分含量、脂肪酸值及黄曲霉毒素B₁（AFB₁）、玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEA）和呕吐毒素（DON）含量。结果表明：1）随着储存时间的延长，未密封普通隔膜组和密封普通隔膜组相继出现霉变现象，高阻隔膜组储存至56 d时尚未出现霉变现象。2）随着储存天数的增加，不同膜处理的蒸汽压片玉米的粗脂肪、可溶性淀粉含量和淀粉糊化度呈降低趋势，粗灰分、粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量在储存期间均没有显著变化（P>0.05）。3）储存时间对蒸汽压片玉米的脂肪酸值存在极显著的影响（P<0.01），高阻隔膜组蒸汽压片玉米的脂肪酸值增长最为缓慢，储存至56 d时其脂肪酸值为10.54 mg/kg。4）在储存期间，蒸汽压片玉米的AFB₁、ZEA含量随储存时间延长呈显著上升趋势（P<0.05），各组呕吐毒素含量没有显著差异（P>0.05）；储存至56 d时，未密封普通隔膜组、密封普通隔膜组、高阻隔膜组的AFB₁、ZEA和DON含量分别为1.03、0.73、0.01 μg/L，181.13、170.49、148.19 μg/L和1.23、1.23、1.20 μg/mL。由此可见，高性能阻隔膜能够有效抑制霉菌生长，延缓脂肪酸败，使新制蒸汽压片玉米安全储存至56 d。

关键词： 高性能阻隔膜; 新制蒸汽压片玉米; 感官评价; 化学成分; 脂肪酸值; 霉菌毒素含量

本文引用格式

周涛 , 李德勇 , 张亚伟 , 和立文 , 孟庆翔 , 周振明 . 高性能阻隔膜对新制蒸汽压片玉米储存过程防霉效果的研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2016 , 28(11) : 3576 -3584 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.11.026

Abstract

In this test, we stored fresh steam-flaked corn with general plastic films and high performance barrier films (HPBF), and determinate the degree of mildew at different storage time points to discuss the feasibility of using the HPBF to store fresh steam-flaked corn. Taking the general plastic films, but not seal, store fresh steam-flaked corn as the unseal general plastic films (USGPF) group; the sealed general plastic films store fresh steam-flaked corn as the general plastic films (SGPF) group; and the sealed HPBF store fresh steam-flaked corn as the HPBF group. After storing 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 and 56 days, the sensory evaluation, chemical component, fatty acid value and the content of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) were determined. The results showed as follows:1) with extension of storage time, the USGPF group and SGPF group appeared mildew phenomenon in succession, but the HPBF group did not appear mildew phenomenon after stored 56 days. 2) With the increased of storage days, the ether extract, soluble starch content and starch gelatinization showed a decreasing trend among different films treatment, but there were no significant differences in the contents of ash, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber (P>0.05). 3) The store time had extremely significant effect on fatty acid value (P<0.01). Compared with the other groups, the growth of the HPBF groups' fatty acid value was slower, and its fatty acid value was 10.54 mg/kg after storing 56 days. 4) During the storage, the AFB₁ and ZEA content kept on increasing with the store time (P<0.05), but there were no significant change in the content of DON during the storage (P>0.05). After storing 56 days, the AFB₁, ZEA and DON content of the USGPF group, SGPF group and HPBF group were 1.03, 0.73, 0.01 μg/L and 181.13, 170.49, 148.19 μg/L and 1.23, 1.23, 1.20 μg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, the HPBF can inhibit the growth of mildew, slow fatty defeat, and safety storage the fresh steam-flaked corn for 56 days.

Key words： high performance barrier films; fresh steam-flaked corn; sensory evaluation; chemical component; fatty acid value; mycotoxin content

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