本试验旨在研究枯草芽孢杆菌（BS）048对雪山草鸡抗肠炎沙门氏菌（SE）感染能力的影响。选择240只体重（61.5±0.5）g的1日龄雪山草鸡公鸡（SE阴性），随机分为4组，每组设3个重复，每个重复20只鸡。对照组和对照感染组饲喂基础饲粮，BS组和BS感染组饲喂添加0.1%（质量分数）BS048的基础饲粮。对照感染组和BS感染组在5~7日龄时每天以1×10⁸ CFU的SE感染试验鸡只，试验期14 d。测定BS048对正常和SE感染雪山草鸡盲肠黏膜、肝脏、肾脏SE载菌量，血清免疫球蛋白（Ig）和回肠分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）含量，空肠黏膜碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）、总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性与总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）以及丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，BS组显著提高了雪山草鸡8、10、14日龄回肠sIgA含量（P<0.05），显著提高了10、14日龄空肠黏膜ALP活性（P<0.05），极显著提高了10、14日龄的空肠黏膜T-AOC及T-SOD、GSH-Px活性（P<0.01），显著降低了8、14日龄的空肠黏膜MDA含量（P<0.05）。2）与对照感染组相比，BS感染组极显著减少了SE感染雪山草鸡盲肠黏膜、肝脏和肾脏SE载菌量（P<0.01），显著提高了10、14日龄的血清IgA、IgG、IgM及8、10、14日龄的回肠sIgA含量（P<0.05），显著提高了8、10、14日龄的空肠黏膜ALP活性P<0.05），极显著降低了8、10、14日龄的空肠黏膜MPO活性（P<0.01），显著或极显著提高了8、10、14日龄的空肠黏膜T-AOC及T-SOD、GSH-Px活性（P < 0.05或P < 0.01），显著或极显著降低了8、10、14日龄的空肠黏膜MDA含量（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）。由此可见，BS048能够增强雪山草鸡的抗SE感染能力。

The aim of this study was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus subtilis 048 (BS048) on the anti-Salmonella enteritis (SE) infection ability of Xueshan chickens. Two hundred and fourty 1-day-old SE-negative Xueshan cocks with similar weight of (61.5±0.5) g were randomly divided into four groups with 3 replicates per group and 20 chickens per replicate. Chickens in the control group and control infected group were fed a basal diet, and the others in the BS group and BS infected group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.1% (mass fraction) BS048. The experiment lasted for 14 days. The control infected group and BS infected group were infected with 1×10⁸ CFU SE per cock each day for 3 days when they were 5-day-old, and to observe the effects of the BS048 on the SE amount in cecal mucosa, liver and kidney, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) and ileal secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) contents, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) and malonaldehyde (MDA)content in jejunum mucosa of normal and SE infected Xueshan chickens. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, BS group significantly increased the ileal sIgA content of Xueshan chickens at 8, 10 and 14 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly increased the activity of ALP in jejunum mucosa at 10 and 14 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly increased the T-AOC and activity of T-SOD and GSH-Px in jejunum mucosa at 10 and 14 days of age (P<0.01), while significantly decreased the jejunum mucosa MDA content at 10 and 14 days of age (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control infected group, BS infected group significantly reduced the SE amount in cecal mucosa, liver and kidney of SE infected Xueshan chickens (P<0.01), significantly increased the contents of IgA, IgG and IgM in saerum at 10 and 14 days of age and sIgA in ileum at 8, 10 and 14 days of age (P<0.05), significantly increased the jejunum mucosa ALP activity at 8, 10 and 14 days of age (P<0.05), significantly decreased the jejunum mucosa MPO activity at 8, 10 and 14 days of age (P<0.01), significantly increased the T-AOC and activity of T-SOD and GSH-Px in jejunum mucosa at 8, 10 and 14 days of age (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), while significantly decreased the jejunum mucosa MDA content at 8, 10 and 14 days of age (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). It is concluded that S048 can enhance the anti-SE infection ability of Xueshan chickens.