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饲粮能氮水平对不同品种猪肉质性状及相关基因表达的影响

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  • 1. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心, 农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站, 长沙 410125;
    2. 湖南省畜牧兽医研究所, 长沙 410131;
    3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    4. 湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心, 长沙 410128
刘莹莹(1982-),女,湖南邵阳人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事肉品质营养调控研究。E-mail:hunaulyy_2006@126.com

收稿日期: 2016-08-01

  网络出版日期: 2017-02-17

基金资助

国家973课题(2012CB124704,2013CB127305);湖南省自然科学基金项目(S2014J504I)

Effects of Dietary Energy and Nitrogen Levels on Meat Traits and Its Related Gene Expression in Different Strains of Pigs

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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
    2. Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Changsha 410131, China;
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4. Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China

Received date: 2016-08-01

  Online published: 2017-02-17

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮能氮水平对不同品种猪肉质性状以及肌纤维类型和细胞因子相关基因表达的影响。选取巴马香猪和长白猪共96头(48头/品种),随机分为4组(每组24头猪),分别为长白猪饲喂NRC饲粮组、长白猪饲喂我国地方猪标准(GB)饲粮组、巴马香猪饲喂NRC饲粮组、巴马香猪饲喂GB饲粮组。试验从5周龄开始,至出栏时结束。分别于保育期、生长期和肥育期末,每组选择8头体况相近猪只屠宰,采集肌肉样品分析。结果表明:生长阶段显著影响了试验猪背最长肌熟肉率和肌球蛋白重链(MyHC)ⅡxMyHCb及白细胞介素-15(IL-15)mRNA表达水平(P<0.05),且随生长阶段呈增加趋势;与长白猪相比,巴马香猪的背最长肌熟肉率、MyHCⅠ mRNA表达水平显著升高(P<0.05),而滴水损失显著降低(P<0.05);与NRC饲粮相比,GB饲粮显著提高了生长期长白猪和巴马香猪的pH45 minP<0.05),显著上调了保育期和肥育期猪背最长肌MyHCⅠ mRNA表达水平(P<0.05);与GB饲粮相比,NRC饲粮显著上调了生长期猪背最长肌MyHCⅠ mRNA表达水平(P<0.05)。由此可见,品种和生长阶段均可显著影响肉质性状及相关基因的表达,饲粮能氮水平则主要通过与生长阶段产生互作效应影响肉质性状及肌纤维类型相关基因的表达。

本文引用格式

刘莹莹, 李凤娜, 李颖慧, 印遇龙, 孔祥峰 . 饲粮能氮水平对不同品种猪肉质性状及相关基因表达的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(2) : 547 -555 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.02.022

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary energy and nitrogen levels on meat traits, muscle fiber type and cytokine related gene expression of pigs. Forty-eight pure-bred Bama mini-pigs and forty-eight Landrace pigs were selected and randomly allocated to four groups:Landrace pigs were fed NRC diet, Landrace pigs were fed Chinese feeding standard of swine (GB) diet, Bama mini-pigs were fed NRC diet and Bama mini-pigs were fed GB diet. The animals were fed from 5 weeks of age to their market weights. At the end of each stage (nursery, growing and finishing stages), eight pigs with similar body condition from each group were slaughted, and analysis the muscle samples. The results showed that the growth stages significantly affect the cooking yield percentage and mRNA expression levels of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) Ⅱx, MyHCb and interleukin-15 (IL-15) of longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) (P<0.05), and it shows a increasing trend with growth stage. The cooking yield percentage, mRNA expression levels of MyHCⅠ of LDM of Bama mini-pigs were significantly higher than those of Landrace pigs (P<0.05), while the drip loss of LDM was significantly lower (P<0.05). Compared with the NRC diet, the GB diet significantly increased the pH45 min of LDM during growing stage (P<0.05), and significantly up-regulated mRNA expression level of MyHCⅠ of LDM at nursery and finishing stages (P<0.05); compared with the GB diet, the NRC diet significantly up-regulated mRNA expression level of MyHCⅠ of LDM at growing stage (P<0.05). Collectively, these findings suggest that strain and growth stage have significant effects on meat traits and its related gene expression levels of pigs. Dietary energy and nitrogen levels mainly through interacted with growth stage to affect meat quality and gene expression of muscle fiber type.

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