动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 3: 776 - 785

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.03.007

禽营养 Poultry nutrition

急性偏热环境温度对肉鸡行为、生理、血清生化指标和禽类解偶联蛋白mRNA表达量的影响

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  • 1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193;
    2. 河北工程大学农学院, 邯郸 056021;
    3. 东北农业大学动物科技学院, 哈尔滨 150030
李香(1987-),女,河北邢台人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农业推广养殖。E-mail:907440223@qq.com

收稿日期: 2016-09-01

  网络出版日期: 2017-03-09

基金资助

国家科技支撑计划课题“畜禽健康养殖环境控制关键技术研究与集成”（2012BAD39B02）；国家重点“十三五”研发计划课题“肉禽舒适环境的适宜参数及限值研究”（2016YFD0500509）；中国农业科学院科技创新团队项目（ASTIP-IAS07）

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Effects of Acute Moderate Ambient Temperatures on Behavior, Physiology, Serum Biochemical Indices and Avian Uncoupling Protein mRNA Expression of Broilers

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  • 1. State key laboratory of Animal Nutrition, lnstitute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. College of Agriculture, Univerity of Engineering, Handan 056021, China;
    3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

Received date: 2016-09-01

  Online published: 2017-03-09

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摘要

本文旨在探讨急性偏热环境温度对肉鸡行为、生理、血清生化指标和禽类解偶联蛋白（avUCP）mRNA表达量的影响。试验选取100只26日龄、体重（1 635±123）g的爱拔益加（AA）肉鸡，随机分成5个组（20、23、26、29、32℃组），每个组20只鸡（公母各占1/2）。肉鸡适应期为7 d，温度为20℃，相对湿度为60%。在34日龄，环控舱温度在1 h内分别调整到20、23、26、29、32℃，相对湿度为60%，维持设定温度2 h。结果表明：1）与20℃组相比，29和32℃组肉鸡的采食次数显著降低（P<0.05），23、26、29、32℃组肉鸡的饮水次数无显著差异（P>0.05），23、26、29、32℃组肉鸡的站立次数显著降低（P<0.05）。2）与20℃组相比，26、29、32℃组肉鸡坐着休息次数显著降低（P<0.05），23、26、32℃组肉鸡伸展休息次数显著升高（P<0.05），29、32℃组肉鸡俯伏休息次数显著升高（P<0.05））。3）与20℃组相比，26、29、32℃组肉鸡体核温度、呼吸频率显著升高（P<0.05），23、26、29、32℃组肉鸡鸡冠皮温、耳垂皮温、小腿皮温、脚蹼皮温显著升高（P<0.05），26、29、32℃组肉鸡眼睑皮温显著升高（P<0.05）。4）与20℃组相比，29、32℃组肉鸡血清葡萄糖（GLU）含量显著降低（P<0.05），26、29、32℃组肉鸡血清甘油三酯（TG）含量显著降低（P<0.05），23、26、29、32℃组肉鸡血清总胆固醇（TC）含量差异不显著（P>0.05）。5）与20℃组相比，23、26、29、32℃组肉鸡胸肌avUCP mRNA表达量显著降低（P<0.05），32℃组肉鸡肝脏avUCP mRNA表达量显著升高（P<0.05）。由此可见，急性偏热处理2 h，23℃时肉鸡就已启动化学调节，26℃时体核温度升高。

关键词： 急性偏热环境温度; 肉鸡; 行为; 禽类解偶联蛋白

本文引用格式

李香, 石玉祥, 冯京海, 李萌, 周莹, 张敏红 . 急性偏热环境温度对肉鸡行为、生理、血清生化指标和禽类解偶联蛋白mRNA表达量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(3) : 776 -785 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.03.007

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of acute moderate ambient temperatures on behavior, physiology, serum biochemical indices and avian uncoupling protein (avUCP) mRNA expression of broilers. One hundred 26-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were allotted into five environment chambers (20, 23, 26, 29 and 32℃ groups), and each chamber contained one cage with twenty birds (with ten males and ten females). The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and broilers were kept at 21℃ and 60% relative humidity. When broilers were 34-day-old, the temperature of five environment chambers were regulated to 20, 23, 26, 29 and 32℃ within one hour, respectively, while maintaining the relative humidity at 60% and both kept 2 hour. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the 20℃ group, the feeding frequency of broilers in 29 and 32℃ groups was significantly reduced (P<0.05), the drinking frequency of broilers in 23, 26, 29 and 32℃ groups had no significant difference (P>0.05), and the standing frequency of broilers in 23, 26, 29 and 32℃ groups was significantly reduced (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the 20℃ group, the sitting resting frequency of broilers in 26, 29 and 32℃ groups was significantly reduced (P<0.05), the stretching resting frequency of broilers in 23, 26 and 32℃ groups was significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the prostrating resting frequency of broilers in 29 and 32℃ groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the 20℃ group, the core body temperature and respiratory frequency of broilers in 26, 29 and 32℃ were significantly increased (P<0.05), the skin temperature of comb, earlobe, leg and flipper of broilers in 23, 26, 29 and 32℃ groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the eyelid skin temperature of broilers in 26, 29 and 32℃ groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the 20℃ group, the serum glucose (GLU) content of broilers in 29 and 32℃ groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the serum triglyceride (TG) content of broilers in 26, 29 and 32℃ groups had significantly decreased (P<0.05), the serum total cholesterol (TC) content of broilers in 23, 26, 29 and 32℃ groups was no significant difference (P>0.05). 5) Compared with the 20℃ group, the avUCP mRNA expression in pectoral of broilers in 23, 26, 29 and 32℃ groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the avUCP mRNA expression in liver of broilers in 32℃ group was significantly increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, acute moderate temperatures 2 h, broilers start chemical regulation at 23℃, and increase core body temperature at 26℃.

Key words： acute moderate ambient temperature; broilers; behavior; avian uncoupling protein

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