动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 3: 979 - 986

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.03.031

研究简报 Short communications

饲料糖脂比对拟穴青蟹仔蟹生长性能、体组成和消化酶活性的影响

展开
  • 广西壮族自治区海洋研究所, 广西海洋生物技术重点实验室, 北海 536000
董兰芳(1987-),女,浙江金华人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为水产动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail:0xiao0dong0@163.com

收稿日期: 2016-09-06

  网络出版日期: 2017-03-09

基金资助

广西科学研究与技术开发计划（桂科合14125008-2-20，2015DD25040，2015ED27014）；广西自然科学基金项目（2013GXNSFAA019105）；广西科学院基本科研业务费（15YJ22HYS15）

收起

Effects of Dietary Carbohydrate to Lipid Ratio on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Juvenile Crab Scylla paramamosain

Expand
  • Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Guangxi, Guangxi Institute of Oceanology, Beihai 536000, China

Received date: 2016-09-06

  Online published: 2017-03-09

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料糖脂比对拟穴青蟹仔蟹生长性能、体组成和消化酶活性的影响。以初始体重为（41.4±0.3）mg的拟穴青蟹仔蟹为试验对象，分别投喂糖脂比为0.54、0.88、1.39、2.08和3.50的等氮（约44%）等能（约19.5 MJ/kg）饲料3周。结果表明：1）饲料糖脂比对拟穴青蟹仔蟹的终末平均体重（FABW）、成活率（SR）、增重率（WGR）以及特定生长率（SGR）均有显著影响（P<0.05）。随着饲料糖脂比的增大，拟穴青蟹仔蟹的FABW、SR、WGR以及SGR均呈先升高后降低的趋势，且均是糖脂比1.39试验组最高，显著高于糖脂比0.54和3.50试验组（P<0.05）。2）饲料糖脂比对拟穴青蟹仔蟹的水分、粗蛋白质和粗灰分含量没有显著影响（P>0.05），而对粗脂肪含量的影响显著（P<0.05），糖脂比0.54试验组的脂肪含量最高，显著高于糖脂比2.08和3.50试验组（P<0.05）。3）饲料糖脂比对拟穴青蟹仔蟹的淀粉酶活性没有显著影响（P>0.05），但显著影响蛋白酶和脂肪酶活性（P<0.05）。随着饲料糖脂比的增大，蛋白酶活性呈先增大后减小的趋势，脂肪酶活性呈降低的趋势，糖脂比1.39试验组的蛋白酶活性显著高于其他试验组（P<0.05），糖脂比0.54和0.88试验组的脂肪酶活性显著高于糖脂比2.08和3.50试验组（P<0.05）。以增长率为评价指标，经回归分析得出拟穴青蟹仔蟹饲料的适宜糖脂比为2.07。

关键词： 拟穴青蟹仔蟹; 糖脂比; 生长; 体组成; 消化酶活性

本文引用格式

董兰芳, 张琴, 许明珠, 苏琼, 聂振平, 谢达, 杨家林, 童潼 . 饲料糖脂比对拟穴青蟹仔蟹生长性能、体组成和消化酶活性的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(3) : 979 -986 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.03.031

Abstract

A 3-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary carbohydrate to lipid (CHO:L) ratio on growth performance, body composition and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile crab Scylla paramamosain. Five iso-nitrogenous (about 44%) and iso-energetic (about 19.5 MJ/kg) diets with varying CHO:L ratios of 0.54, 0.88, 1.39, 2.08 and 3.50 were fed to juvenile crab Scylla paramamosain with an average body weight of (41.4±0.3) mg of triplicate groups. The results showed as follows:1) dietary CHO:L ratio significant affected the final average body weight, survival rate, weight growth rate and specific growth rate of juvenile crabs Scylla paramamosain (P<0.05), and the final average body weight, survival rate, weight growth rate and specific growth rate of juvenile crabs were increased firstly and then decreased with dietary CHO:L ratio increased, those of CHO:L ratio at 1.39 group was the highest, which significantly higher than those of CHO:L ratios at 0.54 and 3.50 groups (P<0.05). 2) Dietary CHO:L ratio had no significantly influence on moisture, crude protein and crude ash contents of juvenile crabs Scylla paramamosain (P>0.05), but significantly affected the crude lipid content (P<0.05). The crude lipid content of CHO:L ratio at 0.54 group was the highest, which significantly higher than that of CHO:L ratios at 2.08 and 3.50 groups (P<0.05). 3) Dietary CHO:L ratio had no significantly influence on the amylase activity of juvenile crabs Scylla paramamosain (P>0.05), but significantly affected the protease and lipase activities (P<0.05). The protease activity was increased firstly and then decreased with dietary CHO:L ratio increased, while the lipases activity was decreased with dietary CHO:L ratio increased. The protease activity of CHO:L ratio at 1.39 group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05), the lipases activity of CHO:L ratios at 0.54 and 0.88 groups was significantly higher than that of CHO:L ratios at 2.08 and 3.50 groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the regression model analysis show that the suitable dietary CHO:L ratio to reach the highest weight growth rate is 2.07.

Key words： juvenile crabs Scylla paramamosain; carbohydrate to lipid ratio; growth; body composition; digestive enzyme activities

参考文献

[1] 林琪,李少菁,黎中宝,等.中国东南沿海青蟹属(Scylla)的种类组成[J].水产学报,2007,31(2):211-219.

[2] 彭银辉,蔡德健,阎冰,等.虾池养殖拟穴青蟹技术[J].中国水产,2009(6):41-42.

[3] 艾春香,林琼武,李少菁,等.蟹类的营养需求研究及其配合饲料研制[J].厦门大学学报:自然科学版,2006,45(增刊2):205-212.

[4] 艾春香,刘建国,林琼武,等.青蟹的营养需求研究及其配合饲料研制[J].水产学报,2007,31(Suppl.1):122-128.

[5] 汪留全,胡王,李海洋,等.饲料中脂肪水平对幼蟹生长和饲料利用率的影响[J].上海水产大学学报,2003,12(1):19-23.

[6] ENES P,PANSERAT S,KAUSHIK S,et al.Growth performance and metabolic utilization of diets with native and waxy maize starch by gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles[J].Aquaculture,2008,274(1):101-108.  

[7] 董兰芳,张琴,许明珠,等.不同糖源对卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)日增重、饲料利用和消化酶活性的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2016,37(3):42-48.

[8] 王爱民,韩光明,封功能,等.饲料脂肪水平对吉富罗非鱼生产性能、营养物质消化及血液生化指标的影响[J].水生生物学报,2011,35(1):80-87.

[9] 麦康森.水产动物营养与饲料学[M].2版.北京:中国农业出版社,2011:41-53.

[10] 李爱杰.水产动物营养与饲料学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1996:26-36.

[11] GAO W,LIU Y J,TIAN L X,et al.Effect of dietary carbohydrate-to-lipid ratios on growth performance,body composition,nutrient utilization and hepatic enzymes activities of herbivorous grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2010,16(3):327-333.

[12] BLAIR T,CASTELL J,NEIL S,et al.Evaluation of microdiets versus live feeds on growth,survival and fatty acid composition of larval haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus)[J].Aquaculture,2003,225(1/2/3/4):451-461.

[13] 马晶晶,王际英,张利民,等.采用3,5-二硝基水杨酸比色法测定饲料总淀粉含量[J].中国饲料,2010(14):38-40.

[14] 韩涛,王骥腾,胡水鑫,等.饲料脂肪水平对三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)幼蟹生长及体组成的影响[J].海洋与湖沼,2013,44(5):1276-1281.

[15] WATANABE T.Lipid nutrition in fish[J].Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B:Comparative Biochemistry,1982,73(1):3-15.  

[16] JOHNSTON D J,CALVERT K A,CREAR B J,et al.Dietary carbohydrate/lipid ratios and nutritional condition in juvenile southern rock lobster,Jasus edwardsii[J].Aquaculture,2003,220(1/2/3/4):667-682.

[17] ZHU H X,JIANG Q C,WANG Q,et al.Effect of dietary carbohydrate-to-lipid ratios on growth performance,body composition,hepatic enzyme activities,and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile Australian redclaw crayfish,Cherax quadricarinatus (von Martens)[J].Journal of the World Aquaculture Society,2013,44(2):173-186.  

[18] 刘襄河,叶超霞,沈碧端,等.饲料中糖/脂肪比对暗纹东方鲀幼鱼生长、血液指标、肝代谢酶活性及PEPCK基因表达的影响[J].水产学报,2014,38(8):1149-1158.

[19] 张琴,许明珠,童潼,等.饲料糖脂比对方格星虫稚虫生长、体成分和消化酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(1):153-160.

[20] CATACUTAN M R.Growth and body composition of juvenile mud crab,Scylla serrata,fed different dietary protein and lipid levels and protein to energy ratios[J].Aquaculture,2002,208(1/2):113-123.

[21] 艾春香.锯缘青蟹养殖生物学特性及饲料与投喂[J].渔业现代化,2004(4):19-20.

[22] ALI M Z,ZAHER M,ALAM M J,et al.Effect of dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratios on growth,feed conversion,protein utilisation and body composition in climbing perch,Anabas testudineus[J].International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture,2012,4(1):1-6.

[23] LUO Z,LIU Y J,MAI K S,et al.Effect of dietary lipid level on growth performance,feed utilization and body composition of grouper Epinephelus coioides juveniles fed isonitrogenous diets in floating netcages[J].Aquaculture International,2005,13(3):257-269.  

[24] 王菲,李向飞,李贵锋,等.不同糖脂比对建鲤幼鱼生长、体组成、消化及糖酵解能力的影响[J].水产学报,2015,39(9):1386-1394.

[25] LI X F,WANG Y,LIU W B,et al.Effects of dietary carbohydrate/lipid ratios on growth performance,body composition and glucose metabolism of fingerling blunt snout bream Megalobrama amblycephala[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2013,19(5):701-708.  

[26] ALI M Z,JAUNCEY K.Optimal dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratio in African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822)[J].Aquaculture International,2004,12(2):169-180.  

[27] ALI M Z,HOQ M E,KHAN M M,et al.Optimum dietary carbohydrate to lipid ratio in stinging catfish,Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch,1792)[J].Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries Research,2010,14(1/2):19-28.

[28] TAN Q,XIE S,ZHU X,et al.Effect of dietary carbohydrate-to-lipid ratios on growth and feed utilization in Chinese longsnout catfish (Leiocassis longirostris Günther)[J].Journal of Applied Ichthyology,2007,23(5):605-610.  

[29] 胡毅,谭北平,麦康森,等.不同碳水化合物水平饲料对凡纳滨对虾生长及部分生理生化指标的影响[J].水生生物学报,2009,33(2):289-295.

[30] 许明珠,张琴,童万平,等.饲料糖水平对方格星虫稚虫生长、体组成和消化酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(3):534-542.

[31] 王爱民,吕富,杨文平,等.饲料脂肪水平对异育银鲫生长性能、体脂沉积、肌肉成分及消化酶活性的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(3):625-633.

[32] 张琴,童万平,董兰芳,等.饲料中脂肪水平对方格星虫稚虫生长性能、体组成及消化酶活性的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2011,32(6):99-106.

[33] 曾本和,廖增艳,吴双,等.饲料脂肪水平对大鳞副泥鳅幼鱼生长性能、消化酶活性及抗氧化能力的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(4):1105-1113.

[34] MOHANTA K N,MOHANTY S N,JENA J K,et al.Optimal dietary lipid level of silver barb,Puntius gonionotus fingerlings in relation to growth,nutrient retention and digestibility,muscle nucleic acid content and digestive enzyme activity[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2008,14(4):350-359.  
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2